ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2020
Community Racial Composition and Hospitalization Among Patients Receiving In-Center Hemodialysis.
Article in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hemoadsorption combined with hemodialysis versus hemodialysis alone on mortality in end-stage kidney disease: a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Preventable Hospitalizations and Kidney Care.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Review
- Authors' Reply: Peer Mentorship's Paradox in Dialysis: Neutral Overall but Lifesaving for Black Patients: Toward Equity-Driven Trial Designs.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Article
- Development and Integration of Community Advisory Boards to Inform Research on the Impact of Structural Racism on Racial/Ethnic Disparities in End-Stage Kidney Disease.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Food Insecurity and Risk of Hospitalization among Adults Receiving In-Center Hemodialysis.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Embedding Equity and Inclusion Principles Into Nephrology Board Examinations: An Essential Part of Our Path Toward Kidney Health Justice.Advances in kidney disease and health · 2025Review
- Using Machine Learning to Identify Geographic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Dialysis Facility Outcomes Across the United States.Ochsner journal · 2025Article
- Diuretic prescriptions in the first year of haemodialysis: international practice patterns and associations with outcomes.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Current approaches to measuring local racial and ethnic residential segregation in population health studies.Current epidemiology reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Dialysis Patient Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study.Kidney medicine · 2023Article
- Disparity in checkpoint inhibitor utilization among commercially insured adult patients with metastatic lung cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Initial Effects of COVID-19 on Patients with ESKD.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2021Article
- The Role of Place in Disparities Affecting Black Men Receiving Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RATIONALE &
objectiveCommunity racial composition has been shown to be associated with mortality in patients receiving maintenenance dialysis. It is unclear whether living in communities with predominantly Black residents is also associated with risk for hospitalization among patients receiving hemodialysis. STUDY
designRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from a cohort of patients receiving hemodialysis. SETTING &
participants4,567 patients treated in 154 dialysis facilities located in 127 unique zip codes and enrolled in US Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) phases 4 to 5 (2010-2015). EXPOSURE: Tertile of percentage of Black residents within zip code of patients' dialysis facility, defined through a link to the American Community Survey. OUTCOME: Rate of hospitalizations during the study period. ANALYTIC APPROACH: Associations of patient-, facility-, and community-level variables with community's percentage of Black residents were assessed using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, or χ
resultsMean age of study patients was 62.7 years. 53% were White, 27% were Black, and 45% were women. Median and threshold percentages of Black residents in zip codes in which dialysis facilities were located were 34.2% and≥14.4% for tertile 3 and 1.0% and≤1.8% for tertile 1, respectively. Compared with those in tertile 1 facilities, patients in tertile 3 facilities were more likely to be younger, be Black, live in urban communities with lower socioeconomic status, have a catheter as vascular access, and have fewer comorbid conditions. Patients dialyzing in communities with the highest tertile of Black residents experienced a higher adjusted rate of hospitalization (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.56) compared with those treated in communities within the lowest tertile. LIMITATIONS: Potential residual confounding.
conclusionsThe risk for hospitalization for patients receiving maintenance dialysis is higher among those treated in communities with a higher percentage of Black residents after adjustment for dialysis care, patient demographics, and comorbid conditions. Understanding the cause of this association should be a priority of future investigation.
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