ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2020
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Degradation by Differently Polarized Macrophage Subsets.
Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic loci and molecular genetic mechanisms for hidradenitis suppurativa.The British journal of dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- TLR9-engineered photoresponsive biomimetic nanodecoys for targeted NETs clearance to mitigate periodontitis-associated bone resorption.International journal of oral science · 2026Article
- Thrombolytic resistance: an important factor leading to the failure of intravenous thrombolytic therapy.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Macrophage-induced immunomodulation in oral tissue repair and regeneration: Recent advances and future perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Macrophage Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps promote macrophage activation through Toll-like receptor engagement and PKA and NF-kB signaling pathways.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 compacts nucleic acids and alters neutrophil extracellular trap structure.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in the tumor microenvironment, metastasis, therapy, and beyond: advances, challenges, and perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- GPR30-mediated NETs degradation via Trex1 in heart failure of aged female mice.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Loss of MLKL impairs abdominal aortic aneurysm development by attenuating smooth muscle cell necroptosis.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Investigation of Regulation and Binding Patterns of the Human Cathelicidin Peptide LL-37 in Complexation with Nucleic Acids, and its Impact on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- TRIM30a coordinates neutrophil-macrophage crosstalk to resolve inflammation and drive osseointegration via suppressing NETosis/cGAS-STING axis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Elevator-Like Hollow Channels in Porous Scaffolds Accelerate Vascularized Bone Regeneration via NETs-Fibrin-Mediated Macrophage Recruitment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Regulation of histones in thromboinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage polarization modulates neutrophil extracellular trap dynamics and reciprocal macrophage responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathogenic Mechanisms, Crosstalk with Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- NET degradation attenuates ricin-induced acute lung injury and protects mice from ARDS.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathological Roles and Therapeutic Implications.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in tumor metastasis: mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Islet Tissue Macrophages in Immunity Homeostasis and Type 1 Diabetes.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveMacrophages are immune cells, capable to remodel the extracellular matrix, which can harbor extracellular DNA incorporated into neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). To study the breakdown of NETs we studied the capability of macrophage subsets to degrade these structures in vitro and in vivo in a murine thrombosis model. Furthermore, we analyzed human abdominal aortic aneurysm samples in support of our in vitro and in vivo results. Approach and Results: Macrophages were seeded onto blood clots or isolated NETs and polarized. All macrophages were capable to degrade NETs. For initial breakdown, macrophages relied on extracellular deoxyribonucleases. Proinflammatory polarization enhanced NET degradation. The boost in degradation was because of increased macropinocytosis, as inhibition by imipramine diminished their NET breakdown. Inhibition of macropinocytosis in a murine thrombosis model led to increased NET burden and reduced thrombus resolution in vivo. When analyzing abdominal aortic aneurysm samples, macrophage density furthermore corresponded negatively with the amount of local NETs in the intraluminal thrombi as well as in the vessel wall, as increased macrophage density was associated with a reduction in NET burden.
conclusionsWe provide evidence that macrophages degrade NETs by extracellular predigestion and subsequent uptake. Furthermore, we show that proinflammatory macrophages increase NET degradation through enhanced macropinocytosis, priming them for NET engulfment. Based on our findings, that inhibition of macropinocytosis in mice corresponded to increased NET amounts in thrombi and that local macrophage density in human abdominal aortic aneurysm is negatively associated with surrounding NETs, we hypothesize, that macrophages are able to degrade NETs in vivo.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.