ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Metagenomic Profiling of Ocular Surface Microbiome Changes in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- What is the impact of microbiota on dry eye: a literature review of the gut-eye axis.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Treatment of blepharitis in adults: persistent evidence gaps despite widespread use.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Ocular community state types reveal distinct microbial compositions among microbiomes with implications for trachoma control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Role of microbiome in ocular surface disease: interpreting biology in a low-biomass environment.Current opinion in ophthalmology · 2026Review
- From Health to Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Ocular Surface Microbiota and Detection Methods in Dry Eye.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Profiling of ocular surface microbiome and its ocular types in children and adolescents.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of the Conjunctival Sac Microbiome in Patients With Evaporative Dry Eye and Mixed Dry Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Sodium butyrate modulates ocular surface microbiome and attenuates inflammation of meibomian gland dysfunction in ApoEMicrobiome · 2025Article
- Exploring the ocular microecology and its role in pterygium based on metagenomics.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Helicobacter pylori Infection's Dual Impact on the Ocular Surface: Tear Secretion Disruption and Ocular Surface Microbiome Alteration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Association Between Ocular Microbiomes of Children and Their Siblings and Parents.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Observational
- The Ocular Surface Microbiome in Homeostasis and Dysbiosis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The ocular surface microbiome of rhesus macaques.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Alterations of ocular surface microbiome in glaucoma and its association with dry eye.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- The microbiome and the eye: a new era in ophthalmology.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Ocular microbiota types and longitudinal microbiota alterations in patients with chronic dacryocystitis with and without antibiotic pretreatment.iMetaOmics · 2024Article
- Dual Role ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Lid Margin Microbiome in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Patients With Lid Margin Keratinization and Severe Dry Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- High-throughput sequencing reveals differences in microbial community structure and diversity in the conjunctival tissue of healthy and type 2 diabetic mice.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Changes in the ocular surface microbiome of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Ocular surface microbiome changes can affect meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) development. This study aimed to delineate differences among the microbiome of eyelid skin, conjunctiva, and meibum in healthy controls (HCs) and patients afflicted with MGD. Methods: Shotgun metagenomic analysis was used to determine if there are differences between the microbial communities in ocular sites surrounding the meibomian gland in healthy individuals and patients afflicted with MGD. Results: The meibum bacterial content of these microbiomes was dissimilar in these two different types of individuals. Almost all of the most significant taxonomic changes in the meibum microbiome of individuals with MGD were also present in their eyelid skin, but not in the conjunctiva. Such site-specific microbe pattern changes accompany increases in the gene expression levels controlling carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Most of the microbiomes in patients with MGD possess a microbe population capable of metabolizing benzoate. Pathogens known to underlie ocular infection were evident in these individuals. MGD meibum contained an abundance of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Enterococcus faecium pathogens, which were almost absent from HCs. Functional annotation indicated that in the microbiomes of MGD meibum their capability to undergo chemotaxis, display immune evasive virulence, and mediate type IV secretion was different than that in the microbiomes of meibum isolated from HCs. Conclusions: MGD meibum contains distinct microbiota whose immune evasive virulence is much stronger than that in the HCs. Profiling differences between the meibum microbiome makeup in HCs and patients with MGD characterizes changes of microbial communities associated with the disease status.
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