ReviewLa Radiologia medica2020
4D Flow when and how?
Review in La Radiologia medica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Successful embolization of a large intrahepatic portosystemic shunt using the coil-in-plug technique: A case report assessed with four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Assessment of four-dimensional flow MRI for prediction of varices risk in cirrhotic patients.European radiology · 2025Article
- Investigating the Use of Generative Adversarial Networks-Based Deep Learning for Reducing Motion Artifacts in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Targeted Nanotheransotics: Integration of Preclinical MRI and CT in the Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Advanced Diseases.Nanotheranostics · 2024Review
- Energy loss is related to CT fractional flow reserve progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2023Article
- 4D Flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance consensus statement: 2023 update.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2023Review
- Assessing the Complicated Venous Hemodynamics and Therapeutic Outcomes of Budd-Chiari Syndrome with Respiratory-gated 4D Flow MR Imaging During the Expiratory and Inspiratory Phases.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2023Article
- Feasibility of CT Angiography-derived Kinetic Energy of Coronary Flow to Improve the Detection of Hemodynamically Significant Coronary Stenosis.Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 2022Article
- 4D Flow MRI in the portal venous system: imaging and analysis methods, and clinical applications.La Radiologia medica · 2022Review
- Coronary flow disturbance assessed by vorticity as a cause of functionally significant stenosis.European radiology · 2022Article
- Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies: CT and MR from Basics to Advanced Imaging.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging: state of the art and applications in whole-body imaging.Japanese journal of radiology · 2022Review
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Techniques: Technical Principles and Applications in Nanomedicine.Cancers · 2022Review
- Stress Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Long-Standing Non-Infarcted Chronic Coronary Syndrome with Preserved Systolic Function.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Hemodynamic Parameters for Cardiovascular System in 4D Flow MRI: Mathematical Definition and Clinical Applications.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2022Article
- Abnormal Flow Dynamics Result in Low Wall Shear Stress and High Oscillatory Shear Index in Abdominal Aortic Dilatation: Initial in vivo Assessment with 4D-flow MRI.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
4D Flow is an emerging MR technique enabling three-dimensional and cardiac phase-resolved flowmetry with ECG-gated phase-contrast MRI that increased the speed of data acquisitions, accuracy and robustness. The method is promoting researches in areas that have not been fully addressed before in the cardiovascular system, such as flowmetry of the bloodstream across the valves, within the heart chambers, complexed flow dynamics such as vortex, helical or retrograde. Wall shear stress and other potential biomarkers derived from 4D Flow are known to be related to vascular wall diseases such as atherosclerosis. In this review, fundamental concepts of 4D Flow technique and post-processing, benefits and limitations as well as its clinical applications are discussed, and the importance of quality control and validation of the method is emphasized. New ideas inspired by 4D Flow can help clinicians and MR scientists further understand the role of flow dynamics in health sciences, diseases and various aspects of cardiovascular physiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.