ReviewCancer & metabolism2020
Fructose contributes to the Warburg effect for cancer growth.
Review in Cancer & metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Mechanisms underlying obesity-malignancy connection: a systematic narrative review.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Overconsumption of fructose aggravates acute GVHD by inducing gut dysbiosis and promoting macrophage-mediated inflammatory response.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Dietary Fructose and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Metabolic, Microbial, and Translational Perspectives.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis and Regulatory Role of Sucrose inMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Deuterium metabolic imaging beyond the brain: mapping tissue metabolism across the body.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Article
- [Ecological analysis of the association between dietary factors and thyroid carcinoma incidence based on GBD 2021 data].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Hyperpolarized [U-ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Trump, Coca-Cola and the fructose frenzy that influences brain and neuronal tumor development.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Elucidating the causal relationships between cerebrospinal fluid metabolites and glioblastoma insights from mendelian randomization study.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Monocyte Preprogramming by Tobacco Carcinogens and Fructose Intake Accelerates Lung Cancer Progression via Metabolic and Epigenetic Pathways.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Catabolic rewiring in cancer impacts dietary interventions.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Metabolic and Vascular Inflammation in Alopecia Areata: Linking Uric Acid, Lipid Imbalance and ICAM-1 Upregulation.Experimental dermatology · 2025Article
- Fructose and insulin: A sweet sabotage hypothesis?Endocrine · 2025Review
- SIRT3-IDH2 axis is a target of dietary fructose: implication of IDH2 as a key player in dietary carcinogen toxicity in mice colon.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Limitations of boronate affinity chromatography for the specific enrichment of fructose-derived early glycation products in protein analytics.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Metabolic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and search for metabolites predictive of drug response.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Spectroscopic Insights into the Localization and Photodynamic Efficacy of Aluminum Tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine for Colorectal Cancer Therapy.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- CD31 regulates metabolic switch in Treg migration attenuates rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are strongly associated with cancer, and these disorders may share a common mechanism. Recently, fructose has emerged as a driving force to develop obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thus, we assume that fructose may be the mechanism to explain why obesity and metabolic syndrome are linked with cancer. Clinical and experimental evidence showed that fructose intake was associated with cancer growth and that fructose transporters are upregulated in various malignant tumors. Interestingly, fructose metabolism can be driven under low oxygen conditions, accelerates glucose utilization, and exhibits distinct effects as compared to glucose, including production of uric acid and lactate as major byproducts. Fructose promotes the Warburg effect to preferentially downregulate mitochondrial respiration and increases aerobic glycolysis that may aid metastases that initially have low oxygen supply. In the process, uric acid may facilitate carcinogenesis by inhibiting the TCA cycle, stimulating cell proliferation by mitochondrial ROS, and blocking fatty acid oxidation. Lactate may also contribute to cancer growth by suppressing fat oxidation and inducing oncogene expression. The ability of fructose metabolism to directly stimulate the glycolytic pathway may have been protective for animals living with limited access to oxygen, but may be deleterious toward stimulating cancer growth and metastasis for humans in modern society. Blocking fructose metabolism may be a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.