ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2020
Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Against Microsporidia Infection in Mammals.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microsporidia: evolution, infection mechanisms and host impact.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- llluminating the live-cell dynamics of early interactions between neutrophils and the microsporidian parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Dysregulated IL-7/IL-7R-CD132 Axis and Intestinal Microsporidiosis in Crohn's Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Crotoxin Upregulating NLRP-3 Inflammasome and IL-18 and Activating CD4Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Ganoderma lucidum spore oil with Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense extracts (G2SO) shows antitumor and Immunomodulatory effects in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Interstitial pneumonia via the oropharyngeal route of infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Serum Proteomic Changes in Pet Rabbits with Subclinical and Clinical Encephalitozoonosis in Thailand.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Microsporidial stromal keratitis: treatment outcomes, clinical manifestations, confocal microscopy and histopathology findings: a retrospective observational study.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Observational
- Microsporidian EnP1 alters host cell H2B monoubiquitination and prevents ferroptosis facilitating microsporidia survival.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Copy number variation and elevated genetic diversity at immune trait loci in Atlantic and Pacific herring.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Revealing the genome of the microsporidian Vairimorpha bombi, a potential driver of bumble bee declines in North America.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Immune signaling of Litopenaeus vannamei c-type lysozyme and its role during microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Molecular epidemiology of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from foxes and raccoon dogs in the Henan and Hebei provinces in China.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- The intracellular parasite Anncaliia algerae induces a massive miRNA down-regulation in human cells.Non-coding RNA research · 2023Article
- A mouse ear skin model to study the dynamics of innate immune responses against the microsporidianFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Characterizing the Proliferation Patterns of Representative Microsporidian Species Enlightens Future Studies of Infection Mechanisms.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bilateral microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a clinically healthy female receiving intravitreal steroid injections: Associations and potential risk factors.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Microsporidia Promote Host Mitochondrial Fragmentation by Modulating DRP1 Phosphorylation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Phagocytosis Is the Sole Arm ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular and eukaryotic pathogens that can infect immunocompromised and immunocompetent mammals, including humans. Both innate and adaptive immune systems play important roles against microsporidian infection. The innate immune system can partially eliminate the infection by immune cells, such as gamma delta T cell, natural killer cells (NKs), macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and present the pathogens to lymphocytes. The innate immune cells can also prime and enhance the adaptive immune response via surface molecules and secreted cytokines. The adaptive immune system is critical to eliminate microsporidian infection by activating cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and humoral immune responses, and feedback regulation of the innate immune mechanism. In this review, we will discuss the cellular and molecular responses and functions of innate and adaptive immune systems against microsporidian infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.