Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32669633›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Effects of weaning age and housing conditions on phenotypic differences in mice.

Jeremy D Bailoo, Bernhard Voelkl, Justin Varholick, Janja Novak, Eimear Murphy, Marianna Rosso, Rupert Palme, Hanno Würbel

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Body Length as an Objective Marker of Time to Wean in Laboratory Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025
    Article
  8. From Circuits to Lifespan: Translating Mouse and Human Timelines with Neuroimaging-Based Tractography.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. ATP1A1-linked diseases require a malfunctioning protein product from one allele.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
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  19. Delayed Microbial Maturation Durably Exacerbates Th17-driven Asthma in Mice.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Jeremy D BailooDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. jbailooscience@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-2922
Bernhard VoelklDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-2508
Justin VarholickDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2822-9045
Janja NovakDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Eimear MurphyDepartment of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Marianna RossoDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Rupert PalmeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-3662
Hanno WürbelDivision of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. hanno.wuerbel@vetsuisse.unibe.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-3010
University of Bern · CHUniversity of Münster · DEUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Vienna · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poor reproducibility is considered a serious problem in laboratory animal research, with important scientific, economic, and ethical implications. One possible source of conflicting findings in laboratory animal research are environmental differences between animal facilities combined with rigorous environmental standardization within studies. Due to phenotypic plasticity, study-specific differences in environmental conditions during development can induce differences in the animals' responsiveness to experimental treatments, thereby contributing to poor reproducibility of experimental results. Here, we studied how variation in weaning age (14-30 days) and housing conditions (single versus group housing) affects the phenotype of SWISS mice as measured by a range of behavioral and physiological outcome variables. Weaning age, housing conditions, and their interaction had little effect on the development of stereotypies, as well as on body weight, glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations, and behavior in the elevated plus-maze and open field test. These results are surprising and partly in conflict with previously published findings, especially with respect to the effects of early weaning. Our results thus question the external validity of previous findings and call for further research to identify the sources of variation between replicate studies and study designs that produce robust and reproducible experimental results.

Indexed as

Biological Variation, IndividualAge FactorsAnimal ExperimentationAnimalsAnimals, LaboratoryAnimals, NewbornBody WeightFemaleGlucocorticoidsHousing, AnimalMaleMaze LearningMicePhenotypeReproducibility of ResultsWeaningGlucocorticoids

Identifiers

PMID32669633
PMCPMC7363894
OpenAlexW3043074903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.