ArticleNature communications2020
Cross-serotype protection against group A Streptococcal infections induced by immunization with SPy_2191.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pangenome-GuidedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Slr protein of Streptococcus pyogenes is selectively expressed in vivo and is a target for protective antibodies.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Rational selection of antigenic targets for Group A Streptococcus vaccine: updates, challenges and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Engaging Broader Stakeholders to Accelerate Group AVaccines · 2025Review
- A descriptor-free machine learning framework to improve antigen discovery for bacterial pathogens.PloS one · 2025Article
- Conserved molecular chaperone PrsA stimulates protective immunity against group A Streptococcus.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Review
- Group A Streptococcus Infections: Their Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Current Scope of Vaccines.Cureus · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection causes a range of diseases, but vaccine development is hampered by the high number of serotypes. Here, using reverse vaccinology the authors identify SPy_2191 as a cross-protective vaccine candidate. From 18 initially identified surface proteins, only SPy_2191 is conserved, surface-exposed and inhibits both GAS adhesion and invasion. SPy_2191 immunization in mice generates bactericidal antibodies resulting in opsonophagocytic killing of prevalent and invasive GAS serotypes of different geographical regions, including M1 and M49 (India), M3.1 (Israel), M1 (UK) and M1 (USA). Resident splenocytes show higher interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α secretion upon antigen re-stimulation, suggesting activation of cell-mediated immunity. SPy_2191 immunization significantly reduces streptococcal load in the organs and confers ~76-92% protection upon challenge with invasive GAS serotypes. Further, it significantly suppresses GAS pharyngeal colonization in mice mucosal infection model. Our findings suggest that SPy_2191 can act as a universal vaccine candidate against GAS infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.