SynthesisHeadache2020
Efficacy and Contextual (Placebo) Effects of CGRP Antibodies for Migraine: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Headache, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of CGRP monoclonal antibodies in chronic migraine: a systematic review integrating randomized and real-world evidence.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Preventive drug treatments for adults with chronic migraine: a systematic review with economic modelling.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies in the Prevention of Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.Clinical drug investigation · 2023Pooled it
- The temporal trend of placebo response in migraine prevention from 1990 to 2021: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis with regression.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Pooled it
- Open-Label Placebos as Adjunct for the Preventive Treatment of Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Responder rates with eptinezumab over 24 weeks in patients with prior preventive migraine treatment failures: post hoc analysis of the DELIVER randomized clinical trial.European journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- A phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled study of erenumab for the prevention of chronic migraine in patients from Asia: the DRAGON study.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Trial
- Eptinezumab for the prevention of chronic migraine: efficacy and safety through 24 weeks of treatment in the phase 3 PROMISE-2 (Prevention of migraine via intravenous ALD403 safety and efficacy-2) study.The journal of headache and pain · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Erenumab for Nonopioid Medication Overuse Headache in Chronic Migraine: A Phase 4, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.JAMA neurology · 2024Article
- Beyond Pain Relief: Unveiling the Multifaceted Impact of Anti-CGRP/R mAbs on Comorbid Symptoms in Resistant Migraine Patients.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Real-world effectiveness of Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies compared to OnabotulinumtoxinA (RAMO) in chronic migraine: a retrospective, observational, multicenter, cohort study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Observational
- Multimodal non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies for chronic pain: mechanisms and progress.BMC medicine · 2023Review
- Are indirect comparisons for treatments in migraine necessitas? Many inevitable challenges to overcome.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2023Article
- Comparison of indirect treatment methods in migraine prevention to address differences in mode of administration.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2023Review
- Applying a biopsychosocial model to migraine: rationale and clinical implications.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Review
- Article
- The use of pharmacologic prophylaxis for migraine in pediatric and adolescent age: a crucial concern.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- When should we consider chronic patients as non-responders to monoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP pathway?Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Dietary ω-3 intake for the treatment of morning headache: A randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- CGRP monoclonal antibodies in migraine: an efficacy and tolerability comparison with standard prophylactic drugs.The journal of headache and pain · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCGRP Antibodies are high-cost newly licensed migraine preventatives.
objectiveTo calculate the overall reduction in monthly migraine days and the proportion contextual effect (PCE) using meta-analysis. The PCE is the ratio between the reduction in Monthly Migraine Days in the placebo group and the reduction in Monthly Migraine Days in the CGRP-Ab group after 3 months of treatment.
methodsMeta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials of anti-CGRP antibodies in people with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) in persons aged 18 or over. Non-randomized trials and trials in persons under 18 years excluded. Search of National Clinical Trials Register 2000-2019, MEDLINE to September 2019, Hand search of major headache conference abstract books 2012-2019. Two investigators used standard proforma to reach consensus. Trial quality assessed using Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. PRISMA guidelines followed.
results21 completed trials with 13367 participants (8075 EM, 5292 CM). Compared to placebo, pooled reduction in MMD was 1.50 days in 15 EM trials (95%CI 1.16, 1.84; I
conclusionsCGRPAbs are effective but sixty-six percent of the benefit is from contextual effects, including placebo effect. Contextual effects merit further scrutiny as a means of improving migraine headache.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.