ArticleJournal of vision2020
A neural correlate of visual discomfort from flicker.
Article in Journal of vision, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Cerebral Basis for Visual Discomfort and Visual Stress.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stroboscopic light stimulation safety within and beyond laboratory settings: Observational evidence and practical guidance.PloS one · 2026Article
- Stimulus conditions eliciting sneezing in response to bright light.Experimental brain research · 2025Review
- The rhythm of memory. Does theta frequency audio/visual flicker improve recall?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Frequency tagging of spatial attention using periliminal flickers.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Influence of spatial frequency in visual stimuli for cVEP-based BCIs: evaluation of performance and user experience.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- A mechanistic account of visual discomfort.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Improving user experience of SSVEP BCI through low amplitude depth and high frequency stimuli design.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Cortical Mechanisms of Visual Hypersensitivity in Women at Risk for Chronic Pelvic Pain.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Visual Discomfort and Variations in Chromaticity in Art and Nature.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Sensory sensitivity and visual discomfort are not associated with altered gamma oscillations: A test of the excitation-inhibition hypothesis.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The theory of "visual stress" holds that visual discomfort results from overactivation of the visual cortex. Despite general acceptance, there is a paucity of empirical data that confirm this relationship, particularly for discomfort from visual flicker. We examined the association between neural response and visual discomfort using flickering light of different temporal frequencies that separately targeted the LMS, L-M, and S postreceptoral channels. Given prior work that has shown larger cortical responses to flickering light in people with migraine, we examined 10 headache-free people and 10 migraineurs with visual aura. The stimulus was a uniform field, 50 degrees in diameter, that modulated with high-contrast flicker between 1.625 and 30 Hz. We asked subjects to rate their visual discomfort while we recorded steady-state visually evoked potentials (ssVEPs) from early visual cortex. The peak temporal sensitivity ssVEP amplitude varied by postreceptoral channel and was consistent with the known properties of these visual channels. There was a direct, linear relationship between the amplitude of neural response to a stimulus and the degree of visual discomfort it evoked. No substantive differences between the migraine and control groups were found. These data link increased visual cortical activation with the experience of visual discomfort.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.