ArticleInternational journal of nephrology2020
The Impact of CKD Anaemia on Patients: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes-A Systematic Literature Review.
Article in International journal of nephrology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors on transfusion and intravenous iron use in chronic kidney disease anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and Treatment Patterns of Anaemia in Individuals With Chronic Kidney Disease Across Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of Shengxuening for treatment of renal anemia: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Roxadustat and Oral Iron Absorption in Chinese Patients with Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 4 Study (ALTAI).Advances in therapy · 2024Trial
- Patient reported outcome measures and cardiovascular outcomes following high dose modern intravenous iron in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: secondary analysis of ExplorIRON-CKD.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Treatment satisfaction with molidustat in CKD-related anemia in non-dialysis patients: a post-hoc analysis of two clinical trials.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2023Trial
- The effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on hepcidin-25 and erythropoiesis in patients with chronic kidney disease.BMC nephrology · 2023Trial
- A randomized trial of once daily versus twice daily dosing of oral iron in CKD.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Targeting Interleukin-6 for Treatment of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease.Kidney international reports · 2026Review
- The Impact of Persistent Iron Overload and Ferritin Trend on the Clinical Outcome of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Study Over 10 Years.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy, safety, and dose selection of efepoetin alfa in anemic patients on maintenance dialysis: a phase 2, randomized, multicenter, active-controlled trial.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- Anemia prevalence and treatment patterns in chronic kidney disease: a nationwide observational study using a Japanese primary care database (2018-2023).Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Observational
- Predicting End-Stage Renal Disease and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease Using Machine Learning: Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Observational
- Article
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Hemoglobin Variability in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents: A Real-World Retrospective Study.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Article
- Adherence to monitoring iron indices at the initiation of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents or hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- Article
- National and subnational burden and causes of anemia in China from 1990 to 2023: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Military Medical Research · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anaemia is a common consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the risk factors for its development and its impact on outcomes have not been well synthesised. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review to fully characterise the risk factors associated with the presence of anaemia in patients with CKD and a contemporary synthesis of the risks of adverse outcomes in patients with CKD and anaemia. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from 2002 until 2018 for studies reporting the incidence or prevalence of anaemia and associated risk factors and/or associations between haemoglobin (Hb) or anaemia and mortality, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), hospitalisation, or CKD progression in adult patients with CKD. Extracted data were summarised as risk factors related to the incidence or prevalence of anaemia or the risk (hazard ratio (HR)) of outcome by Hb level (<10, 10-12, >12 g/dL) in patients not on dialysis and in those receiving dialysis. 191 studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. The risk factor most associated with the prevalence of anaemia was CKD stage, followed by age and sex. Mean HRs (95% CI) for all-cause mortality in patients with CKD on dialysis with Hb <10, 10-12, and >12 g/dL were 1.56 (1.43-1.71), 1.17 (1.09-1.26), and 0.91 (0.87-0.96), respectively. Similar patterns were observed for nondialysis patients and for the risks of hospitalisation, MACE, and CKD progression. This is the first known systematic review to quantify the risk of adverse clinical outcomes based on Hb level in patients with CKD. Anaemia was consistently associated with greater mortality, hospitalisation, MACE, and CKD progression in patients with CKD, and risk increased with anaemia severity. Effective treatments that not only treat the anaemia but also reduce the risk of adverse clinical outcomes are essential to help reduce the burden of anaemia and its management in CKD.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.