ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Quantifying the contribution of Fc-mediated effector functions to the antiviral activity of anti-HIV-1 IgG1 antibodies in vivo.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early intervention with 3BNC117 and romidepsin at antiretroviral treatment initiation in people with HIV-1: a phase 1b/2a, randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2022Trial
- Review
- Extended hinge length of human IgG3-like antibody enhances early antiviral activity of VRC01 in SHIV-infected rhesus macaques.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Antiviral activity of non-neutralizing antibodies during steady-state HIV-1 infection in humanized mice.iScience · 2026Article
- Sialic acid-anchored haemagglutinin stalk neutralizing antibody M-SiaB enhances protection against highly pathogenic influenza H5N1/Texas/2024.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Modeling quantifies in vivo neutralization, Fc-mediated killing, and resistance in human clinical trials of five anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genotypic challenges in implementing broadly neutralizing antibody-based long-acting HIV-1 therapies.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- A multiplexed, systems-based approach for prediction of antibody neutralization breadth for soluble human receptors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Current Approaches for Assessments of Neutralizing, Binding, and Effector Functions of Antibodies on the Path to Antibody-Mediated Prevention Strategies for HIV-1.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- Fc Functions and Anti-HIV Neutralizing Antibodies: A Perspective.Current HIV research · 2026Article
- Distinct Antibody Fc-profiles in Lymph During Homeostasis and Chronic HIV Infection.Pathogens & immunity · 2026Article
- Losing Less in Translation: Relating the Preclinical Evidence Base for Active and Passive Immunity to Prevention of HIV-1 Infection in Humans.Journal of medical primatology · 2025Review
- IgG and Fc Receptor Genetic Variation Associates With Functional Antibody Responses in a DNA and Protein Candidate HIV Vaccine Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Effects and mechanisms of monoclonal and polyclonal human antibodies in protection of humanized mice from HIV-1 challenge.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Profiling HIV1-host protein-protein interaction networks in patient-derived exosome proteins: impact on pathophysiology and innate immune pathways.Virology journal · 2025Article
- An engineered antibody-lectin conjugate targeting the HIV glycan shield protects humanized mice against HIV challenge.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Autovaccination revisited: potential to boost antiviral immunity and facilitate HIV-1 cure/remission in children.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Molecular parameters governing antibody FcγR signaling and effector functions in the context of HIV envelope.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Engineering of CD8mBio · 2025Article
- Adeno-associated viral delivery of Env-specific antibodies prevents SIV rebound after discontinuing antiretroviral therapy.Science immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In combating viral infections, the Fab portion of an antibody could mediate virus neutralization, whereas Fc engagement of Fc-γ receptors (FcγRs) could mediate an array of effector functions. Evidence abounds that effector functions are important in controlling infections by influenza, Ebola, or HIV-1 in animal models. However, the relative contribution of virus neutralization versus effector functions to the overall antiviral activity of an antibody remains unknown. To address this fundamental question in immunology, we utilized our knowledge of HIV-1 dynamics to compare the kinetics of the viral load decline (ΔVL) in infected animals given a wild-type (WT) anti-HIV-1 immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) versus those given a Fc-Null variant of the same antibody. In three independent experiments in HIV-1-infected humanized mice and one pivotal experiment in simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected rhesus macaques, an earlier and sharper decline in viral load was consistently detected for the WT antibody. Quantifications of the observed differences indicate that Fc-mediated effector functions accounted for 25-45% of the total antiviral activity in these separate experiments. In this study, Fc-mediated effector functions have been quantified in vivo relative to the contribution of virus neutralization mediated by the Fab.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.