SynthesisHeart (British Cardiac Society)2020
Cardiovascular disease in homeless versus housed individuals: a systematic review of observational and interventional studies.
Synthesis in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular disease burden in the homeless population.Open heart · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Homelessness and health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence and Risk of Heart Failure Among Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2026Review
- Recommended Cardiometabolic Screening Guidelines for Unhoused Adults: A Street Medicine Needs Assessment.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Patterns in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Low-Income Adults in West Texas.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Health Challenges in Vulnerable Populations: Neurological and Vascular Diseases Among People Experiencing Homelessness in Gdańsk, Poland: An Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Homelessness as structural vulnerability: Precarious citizenship and migrant health in a Nordic welfare state.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Mortality and barriers to healthcare among people experiencing homelessness in Paris: a mixed-methods study.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- High Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Men and Women Experiencing Poverty and Homelessness in Medically Underserved Areas of West Texas.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Adults in the European Union: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Unmet needs: Bringing physical rehabilitation to people experiencing homelessness.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying diagnosed major chronic diseases associated with recent housing instability among aging adults: data from the 'All of Us' research program.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Evaluating cardiovascular risk in an Inclusion Health population admitted to secondary care.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Combination of housing type (detached houses vs flats) and tenure (owned vs rented) in relation to cardiovascular mortality: findings from a 6-year cohort study in Japan.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular disease management and healthcare delivery for people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Screening in homeless: A Feasibility Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Intersectionality and Social Drivers of Health in Cardiovascular Care.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo identify: (i) risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in homeless versus housed individuals and (ii) interventions for CVD in homeless populations.
methodsWe conducted a systematic literature review in EMBASE until December 2018 using a search strategy for observational and interventional studies without restriction regarding languages or countries. Meta-analyses were conducted, where appropriate and possible. Outcome measures were all-cause and CVD mortality, and morbidity.
resultsOur search identified 17 articles (6 case-control, 11 cohort) concerning risk of CVD and none regarding specific interventions. Nine were included to perform a meta-analysis. The majority (13/17, 76.4%) were high quality and all were based in Europe or North America, including 765 459 individuals, of whom 32 721 were homeless. 12/17 studies were pre-2011. Homeless individuals were more likely to have CVD than non-homeless individuals (pooled OR 2.96; 95% CI 2.80 to 3.13; p<0.0001; heterogeneity p<0.0001; I
conclusionsHomeless people have an approximately three times greater risk of CVD and an increased CVD mortality. However, there are no studies of specific pathways/interventions for CVD in this population. Future research should consider design and evaluation of tailored interventions or integrating CVD into existing interventions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.