ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2020
Sliding Scoring of the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended as Primary Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury Trials.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02407028 (Hyperbaric Oxygen Brain Injury Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Brain Injury Treatment (HOBIT) Trial
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early inhaled isoflurane sedation in neurocritical patients with invasive intracranial pressure monitoring: the NEURO-CONDA randomized pilot trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Sleep patterns correlates with the efficacy of tDCS on post-stroke patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Extension of the FUNC Score for Prediction of 12-Month Functional Independence after Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Good Recovery, Poor Participation? A Secondary Analysis of the Dissociation Between Global Disability and Real-Life Participation Five Years After Traumatic Brain Injury.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of rt-PA versus Urokinase in early time windows for minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation and exploratory TAFI pharmacogenomics.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Detecting Pain Correlates With Recovery in Acute Brain Injury Patients With Disorders of Consciousness.Critical care explorations · 2025Observational
- Altered oral microbiomes in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness.Journal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- The times are changing: A primer on novel clinical trial designs and endpoints in critical care research.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2024Article
- Discovery of generalizable TBI phenotypes using multivariate time-series clustering.Computers in biology and medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Early GFAP and UCH-L1 point-of-care biomarker measurements for the prediction of traumatic brain injury and progression in patients with polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock.Journal of neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Outcome after decompressive craniectomy in older adults after traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Identity Theft, Deep Brain Stimulation, and the Primacy of Post-trial Obligations.The Hastings Center report · 2024Article
- Temporal change of serum xanthine oxidase levels and its relation to clinical outcome of severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2023Article
- Selection of a statistical analysis method for the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended endpoint for estimating the probability of favorable outcome in future severe TBI clinical trials.Statistics in medicine · 2023Article
- Using metabolomics to predict severe traumatic brain injury outcome (GOSE) at 3 and 12 months.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Article
- A self-supervised learning-based approach to clustering multivariate time-series data with missing values (SLAC-Time): An application to TBI phenotyping.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2023Article
- Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Postoperative Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Prognostic value of day-of-injury plasma GFAP and UCH-L1 concentrations for predicting functional recovery after traumatic brain injury in patients from the US TRACK-TBI cohort: an observational cohort study.The Lancet. Neurology · 2022Observational
- Effect of Different Nursing Interventions on Discharged Patients with Cardiac Valve Replacement Evaluated by Deep Learning Algorithm-Based MRI Information.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E), an ordinal scale measuring global outcome, is used commonly as the primary outcome measure in clinical trials of traumatic brain injury. Analysis is often based on a dichotomization and thus has inherent statistical limitations, including loss of information related to the collapse of adjacent categories. A fixed dichotomization defines favorable outcome consistently for all subjects, whereas a sliding dichotomy tailors the definition of favorable outcome according to baseline prognosis/severity. Literature indicates that the sliding dichotomy is more statistically efficient than the fixed dichotomy; however, the sliding dichotomy still collapses categories and therefore discards information. We propose an alternative, a sliding scoring system for the GOS-E, intended to address the limitations of the sliding dichotomy. The score is assigned based on the number of levels between the achieved score and the favorable cut-point. The proposed scoring system reflects the magnitude of change, where change is defined according to each subject's baseline prognosis. Because the score is approximately continuous, statistical methods can rely on the normal distribution, both for analysis and study design. Two examples show the corresponding potential for improved power. A sliding score approach allows for quantification of the magnitude of change while still accounting for prognosis. Scientific advantages include increased power and an intuitive interpretation.
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Registered trials
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