ReviewBiomedicines2020
Bi- and Tri-Specific T Cell Engager-Armed Oncolytic Viruses: Next-Generation Cancer Immunotherapy.
Review in Biomedicines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delivery Strategies for Oncolytic Viruses in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress, Mechanisms and Clinical Translations.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- In silico clinical trials of BiTE expression by oncolytic viruses reveal the impact of patient heterogeneity on dosage protocol.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- The safety and efficacy of bispecific T-cell engagers (TCEs) in patients with glioma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in Next-Generation Immunotherapies for Ovarian Cancer: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Novel Therapeutic Targets.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Targeted therapies in lung cancer: personalizing treatment across the age spectrum.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Emerging precision medicine in multiple myeloma: clinical and preclinical landscape of T cell, natural killer cell, and macrophages engaging multi-specific antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Viral warriors: Unlocking the immune system's potential with oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Precision oncolytic viral therapy in colorectal cancer: Genetic targeting and immune modulation for personalized treatment (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy and liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current and future challenges.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Immune Cell Engagers: Advancing Precision Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Oncolytic Viruses and Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma and Retinoblastoma: The Current Landscape and Novel Advances.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- AVL-armed oncolytic vaccinia virus promotes viral replication and boosts antitumor immunity via increasing ROS levels in pancreatic cancer.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- The implications of oncolytic viruses targeting fibroblasts in enhancing the antitumoural immune response.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Overcoming effector T cell exhaustion in ovarian cancer ascites with a novel adenovirus encoding for a MUC1 bispecific antibody engager and IL-2 cytokine.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- OV Modulators of the Paediatric Brain TIME: Current Status, Combination Strategies, Limitations and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- T-Cell Engagers-The Structure and Functional Principle and Application in Hematological Malignancies.Cancers · 2024Review
- Revolutionizing cancer treatment: the power of bi- and tri-specific T-cell engagers in oncolytic virotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- New hopes for the breast cancer treatment: perspectives on the oncolytic virus therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The investigation of oncolytic viruses in the field of cancer therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Emerging Immunotherapy Approaches for Treating Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are potent anti-cancer biologics with a bright future, having substantial evidence of efficacy in patients with cancer. Bi- and tri-specific antibodies targeting tumor antigens and capable of activating T cell receptor signaling have also shown great promise in cancer immunotherapy. In a cutting-edge strategy, investigators have incorporated the two independent anti-cancer modalities, transforming them into bi- or tri-specific T cell engager (BiTE or TriTE)-armed OVs for targeted immunotherapy. Since 2014, multiple research teams have studied this combinatorial strategy, and it showed substantial efficacy in various tumor models. Here, we first provide a brief overview of the current status of oncolytic virotherapy and the use of multi-specific antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. We then summarize progress on BiTE and TriTE antibodies as a novel class of cancer therapeutics in preclinical and clinical studies, followed by a discussion of BiTE- or TriTE-armed OVs for cancer therapy in translational models. In addition, T cell receptor mimics (TCRm) have been developed into BiTEs and are expected to greatly expand the application of BiTEs and BiTE-armed OVs for the effective targeting of intracellular tumor antigens. Future applications of such innovative combination strategies are emerging as precision cancer immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.