ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence in Rhesus Macaques in Aging and Age-Related Drusen.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Layer Changes With Aging and Cognitive Decline in Rhesus Macaques.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Systemic and Local Lipids in Nonhuman Primates With Drusen and Age-Related Maculopathies.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- The ocular surface microbiome of rhesus macaques.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Choroidal Changes in Rhesus Macaques in Aging and Age-Related Drusen.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Localized Structural and Functional Deficits in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Outer Retinal Atrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Stages of Drusen-Associated Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Visible via Histologically Validated Fundus Autofluorescence.Ophthalmology. Retina · 2021Article
- Advanced Retinal Imaging and Ocular Parameters of the Rhesus Macaque Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Evolution of ocular defects in infant macaques following in utero Zika virus infection.JCI insight · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: To employ quantitative fundus autofluorescence (qAF) imaging in rhesus macaques to noninvasively assess retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lipofuscin in nonhuman primates (NHPs) as a model of aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: The qAF imaging was performed on eyes of 26 rhesus macaques (mean age 18.8 ± 8.2 years, range 4-27 years) with normal-appearing fundus or with age-related soft drusen using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope with 488 nm excitation and an internal fluorescence reference. Eyes with soft drusen also underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging to measure drusen volume and height of individual drusen lesions. The qAF levels were measured from the perifoveal annular ring (quantitative autofluorescence 8 [qAF8]) using the Delori grid, as well as focally over individual drusen lesions in this region. The association between qAF levels and age, sex, and drusen presence and volume were determined using multivariable regression analysis. Results: Mean qAF levels increased with age (P < 0.001) and were higher in females (P = 0.047). Eyes with soft drusen exhibited reduced mean qAF compared with age-matched normal eyes (P = 0.003), with greater drusen volume showing a trend toward decreased qAF levels. However, qAF levels are focally increased over most individual drusen (P < 0.001), with larger drusen appearing more hyperautofluorescent (R2 = 0.391, P < 0.001). Conclusions: In rhesus macaques, qAF levels are increased with age and female sex, but decreased in eyes with soft drusen, similar to human AMD. However, drusen lesions appear hyperautofluorescent unlike those in humans, suggesting similarities and differences in RPE lipofuscin between humans and NHPs that may provide insight into drusen biogenesis and AMD pathogenesis.
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