ReviewJournal of endocrinological investigation2021
Basal ganglia calcification in hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism: local and systemic metabolic mechanisms.
Review in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnosis and management of hypoparathyroidism: recommendations of the working group of the Bone Section of the Hellenic Endocrine Society.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Guideline
- The association between hypoparathyroidism and cognitive impairment: a systematic review.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Complications in Permanent Hypoparathyroidism: A Large Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- [Complications of Pseudohypoparathyroidism and Congenital Forms of Hypoparathyroidism in Children].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Article
- Unveiling the complexities of hypoparathyroidism: a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and novel therapies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Article
- Hypophysitis and central nervous system involvement in association with Sjögren's syndrome along with hypoparathyroidism: a case report.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Fahr syndrome and neurological manifestations in hypoparathyroidism patients.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- Venous Thrombosis in a Pseudohypoparathyroidism Patient with a Novel GNAS Frameshift Mutation and Complete Resolution of Vascular Calcifications with Acetazolamide Treatment.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)-Related Peptides Family: An Intriguing Role in the Central Nervous System.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Bilateral basal ganglia calcifications and Graves' disease in a young patient: A very rare association (case report).Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- A novelFrontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a patient with secondary hypoparathyroidism: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2022Article
- Skeletal and nonskeletal consequences of hypoparathyroidism.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Serum calcium levels are associated with cognitive function in hypoparathyroidism: a neuropsychological and biochemical study in an Italian cohort of patients with chronic post-surgical hypoparathyroidism.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Observational
- Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Adult Patients with Chronic Hypoparathyroidism Treated with rhPTH(1-84): A Retrospective Cohort Study.Advances in therapy · 2022Article
- Which physical activity in patients affected by hypoparathyroidism? A review of the literature and practical recommendations.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Review
- The Russian Registry of Chronic Hypoparathyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are rare disorders of mineral metabolism which may be associated with soft tissue calcification in the basal ganglia in the brain, and occasionally the skin and other tissues. The basal ganglia are the most common sites of calcification in the central nervous system in these disorders, and were first associated with this manifestation in a report from the Mayo Clinic in 1939. The reasons why the basal ganglia are a common site of soft tissue calcification in these rare disorders has been a matter of investigation for many years.
findingsDue to recent increased understanding of phosphate transport and new insights gained from mRNA expression in the basal ganglia, the pathophysiology of basal ganglia calcification (BGC) is now clearer. There is evidence that the absence of parathyroid hormone in hypoparathyroidism may play a direct role, but this is clearly not the case in pseudohypoparathyroidism, which is associated with increased parathyroid hormone levels. Maintaining the calcium/phosphorus ratio as close to normal as possible, and maintaining normal serum phosphate levels, may help mitigate the progression of BGC. There is no evidence of regression of BGC with conventional treatment, and long-term data with adjunctive or replacement therapy with parathyroid hormone or its analogues are not yet available. PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: This review will focus on the pathophysiology of BGC in hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism, and review the proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms, as well as the clinical implications of BGC on patient quality of life.
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