ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Adjuvanted H5N1 influenza vaccine enhances both cross-reactive memory B cell and strain-specific naive B cell responses in humans.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-neuraminidase and anti-hemagglutinin stalk responses to different influenza a(H7N9) vaccine regimens.Vaccine · 2025Trial
- Durability and cross-reactivity of immune responses induced by a plant-based virus-like particle vaccine for COVID-19.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- CD19+IgD+CD27- Naïve B Cells as Predictors of Humoral Response to COVID 19 mRNA Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Near real-time data on the human neutralizing antibody landscape to influenza virus in summer of 2026 shows antigenic advance of H3N2 subclade K region D mutants and H1N1 D.3.1.1 Sa mutants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pre-existing hemagglutinin-specific antibody levels are associated with B-cell repertoire maturation and antibody breadth after influenza vaccination.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Immunopotentiation by Natural Extracts: Mechanisms and Applications in Influenza Vaccine Adjuvant Development.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Human monoclonal antibodies that target clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 hemagglutinin.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Common cold embecovirus imprinting primes broadly neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 S2.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine based on AS03-adjuvanted chimeric HA induces long-lived stalk-specific plasma cells in bone marrow and lymph nodes of nonhuman primates.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Intrinsic immunogenicity is a major determinant of type-specific responses in SARS-CoV-2 infections.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Human naïve B cells show evidence of anergy and clonal redemption following vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Sustained Vaccine Exposure Elicits More Rapid, Consistent, and Broad Humoral Immune Responses to Multivalent Influenza Vaccines.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Structural mapping of polyclonal IgG responses to HA after influenza virus vaccination or infection.mBio · 2025Article
- Linking vaccine adjuvant mechanisms of action to function.Science immunology · 2025Review
- Human naïve B cells recognize prepandemic influenza virus hemagglutinins.Science immunology · 2025Article
- System vaccinology analysis of predictors and mechanisms of antibody response durability to multiple vaccines in humans.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Chronic opioid use is associated with higher antibody response to influenza vaccination in people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is a need for improved influenza vaccines. In this study we compared the antibody responses in humans after vaccination with an AS03-adjuvanted versus nonadjuvanted H5N1 avian influenza virus inactivated vaccine. Healthy young adults received two doses of either formulation 3 wk apart. We found that AS03 significantly enhanced H5 hemagglutinin (HA)-specific plasmablast and antibody responses compared to the nonadjuvanted vaccine. Plasmablast response after the first immunization was exclusively directed to the conserved HA stem region and came from memory B cells. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from these plasmablasts had high levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and recognized the HA stem region of multiple influenza virus subtypes. Second immunization induced a plasmablast response to the highly variable HA head region. mAbs derived from these plasmablasts exhibited minimal SHM (naive B cell origin) and largely recognized the HA head region of the immunizing H5N1 strain. Interestingly, the antibody response to H5 HA stem region was much lower after the second immunization, and this suppression was most likely due to blocking of these epitopes by stem-specific antibodies induced by the first immunization. Taken together, these findings show that an adjuvanted influenza vaccine can substantially increase antibody responses in humans by effectively recruiting preexisting memory B cells as well as naive B cells into the response. In addition, we show that high levels of preexisting antibody can have a negative effect on boosting. These findings have implications toward the development of a universal influenza vaccine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.