ReviewCritical care (London, England)2020
Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in COVID-19.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04802044 (COVID-19, Aging, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Cited by 624 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
COVID-19, Aging, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors (CARAMEL) Study: Integrating Aging, Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Immunological Studies to Unravel COVID-19 Pathophysiology
Who cites it
624 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of the ACE2-Angiotensin1-7-Mas axis with lung damage caused by cigarette smoke exposure: a systematic review.Reviews on environmental health · 2024Pooled it
- Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The European respiratory journal · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination onInternational journal of fertility & sterility · 2024Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 neurovascular invasion supported by Mendelian randomization.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of mouthwashes on reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load in oral cavity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2023Pooled it
- The indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without COVID-19 infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Primary care diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of povidone-iodine nasal rinse and mouth wash in COVID-19 management: a prospective, randomized pilot clinical trial (povidone-iodine in COVID-19 management).BMC infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- The Effect of Potassium Canrenoate (Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist) on the Markers of Inflammation in the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia and Fibrosis-A Secondary Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Hijacking Host Communication: The Central Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Infectious Disease Pathogenesis.Cells · 2026Review
- Cross-clade vaccination to overcome sarbecovirus or merbecovirus neutralization gaps.Cell reports · 2026Article
- DAMP Laden Extracellular Vesicles From the Airways of Patients With Severe SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Infection Compromise Inflammation and Cellular Metabolism.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine in severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Iron Deficiency as an Important Predictor of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis, Myocarditis, and Atrial Fibrillation in COVID-19 and Influenza.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Obesity and respiratory diseases: mechanisms, phenotypes, and clinical implications.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces the number of spermatogonial stem cells and dysregulates the transcriptional landscape of the human testis.Research square · 2026Article
- Genetic polymorphisms and expression of SARS-CoV-2 host entry genes associate with COVID-19 severity in an unvaccinated Moroccan cohort.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- An Emerging Global Threat After The COVID-19 Pandemic: Monkeypox Similarities and Differences.Polish journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Coronary artery calcification is associated with reduced survival in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in the MaastrICCht cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Significance and Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Colorectal Cancer.World journal of oncology · 2026Article
564 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that started in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019 has become a global pandemic. Both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV enter host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is expressed in various human organs. We have reviewed previously published studies on SARS and recent studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO), confirming that many other organs besides the lungs are vulnerable to the virus. ACE2 catalyzes angiotensin II conversion to angiotensin-(1-7), and the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS axis counteracts the negative effects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which plays important roles in maintaining the physiological and pathophysiological balance of the body. In addition to the direct viral effects and inflammatory and immune factors associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis, ACE2 downregulation and the imbalance between the RAS and ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS after infection may also contribute to multiple organ injury in COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, which binds to ACE2, is a potential target for developing specific drugs, antibodies, and vaccines. Restoring the balance between the RAS and ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS may help attenuate organ injuries. SARS-CoV-2 enters lung cells via the ACE2 receptor. The cell-free and macrophage-phagocytosed virus can spread to other organs and infect ACE2-expressing cells at local sites, causing multi-organ injury.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.