Trial reportPLoS pathogens2020
Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment.
Trial report in PLoS pathogens, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07342556 (EMIT-2b), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EMIT-2b: Evaluating Modes of Influenza Transmission Through the Conduct of Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Transmission Trials (CHIVITTs)
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Viral cultures for assessing airborne infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Prophylactic Efficacy of CD388, a Novel Drug-Fc Conjugate, in a Human Influenza A/H3N2 Virus Challenge Model: A Randomized, Controlled Phase 2a Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- Upper respiratory tract CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells protect against viral transmission.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating modes of influenza transmission (EMIT-2): Insights from lack of transmission in a controlled transmission trial with naturally infected donors.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Evaluating Modes of Influenza Transmission (EMIT-2): Insights from a Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Transmission Trial (CHIVITT).medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of Viral Aerosol Shedding by Mild and Moderately Symptomatic Community-Acquired and Nasally Inoculated Influenza A(H3) Infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Next generation bioelectronic medicine: making the case for non-invasive closed-loop autonomic neuromodulation.Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Influenza virus infection and aerosol shedding kinetics in a controlled human infection model.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Defining the balance between optimal immunity and immunopathology in influenza virus infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Meeting Report: Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Model Studies: Current Status and Future Directions for Innovation.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Ventilation does not affect close-range transmission of influenza virus in a ferret playpen setup.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- What were the historical reasons for the resistance to recognizing airborne transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic?Indoor air · 2022Review
- Influenza Virus Infections in Polarized Cells.Viruses · 2022Review
- Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults.Nature medicine · 2022Article
- The Hybrid Incidence Susceptible-Transmissible-Removed Model for Pandemics : Scaling Time to Predict an Epidemic's Population Density Dependent Temporal Propagation.Acta biotheoretica · 2022Article
- Expert elicitation on the relative importance of possible SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and the effectiveness of mitigations.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Combining epidemiological and ecological methods to quantify social effects onRoyal Society open science · 2021Article
- Airborne transmission of respiratory viruses.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Review
- Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Uncertainty about the importance of influenza transmission by airborne droplet nuclei generates controversy for infection control. Human challenge-transmission studies have been supported as the most promising approach to fill this knowledge gap. Healthy, seronegative volunteer 'Donors' (n = 52) were randomly selected for intranasal challenge with influenza A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2). 'Recipients' randomized to Intervention (IR, n = 40) or Control (CR, n = 35) groups were exposed to Donors for four days. IRs wore face shields and hand sanitized frequently to limit large droplet and contact transmission. One transmitted infection was confirmed by serology in a CR, yielding a secondary attack rate of 2.9% among CR, 0% in IR (p = 0.47 for group difference), and 1.3% overall, significantly less than 16% (p<0.001) expected based on a proof-of-concept study secondary attack rate and considering that there were twice as many Donors and days of exposure. The main difference between these studies was mechanical building ventilation in the follow-on study, suggesting a possible role for aerosols.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.