ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2020
Development and validation of a steep incline and decline metabolic cost equation for steady-state walking.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unified comparison of spinal locomotion control architectures in neuromechanical simulations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Treadmill-based submaximal VOTurkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Accelerations and EMG Differences Between Isocaloric High-Incline Walking and Level-Grade Jogging.International journal of exercise science · 2025Article
- Physiological and Psychological Differences Between 20% Grade Incline Walking and Level-Grade Jogging at Isocaloric Intensity.International journal of exercise science · 2024Article
- The Interaction of Treadmill Type and Incline Slope on Biomechanics and Muscle Activation During Human Locomotion.International journal of exercise science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a data-supported prediction equation (Lankford equation) for walking metabolic cost ([Formula: see text]), and to compare this equation to the ACSM, Pandolf, Minetti, and LCDA equations. The current study also investigated how kinematics of incline walking relates to mechanical efficiency and metabolic cost.
methodSubjects consisted of 145 recreationally fit individuals. Walking speeds were between 1 AND 3 mph with grades ranging from - 18 to 40%. The Lankford equation was then compared to four other reference equations using adjusted R-squared (R
resultsThe Lankford equation for estimating [Formula: see text] was validated with an adjusted R
conclusionThe Lankford equation is a validated and highly accurate prediction equation for steady-state walking across a wide range of inclines and speeds and is applicable to the general public. Altered leg swing observed above 15% incline was found to account for the mechanical efficiency plateau and the rectilinear increase in [Formula: see text] with increasing incline.
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Registered trials
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