ReviewAsian journal of andrology
Androgen deprivation therapy and side effects: are GnRH antagonists safer?
Review in Asian journal of andrology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Saruparib in combination with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: EvoPAR-Prostate01.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Tissue factor-related biomarkers during combined androgen blockade in patients with prostate cancer: A brief report.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Article
- Cancer treatment-related cognitive impairment.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
- Differences in adverse drug reactions between GnRH antagonists and agonists in the treatment of prostate cancer: a retrospective analysis using real-world data.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Comparison of BeiyiFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Long-term assessment of adverse cardiovascular events in men receiving intermittent androgen deprivation therapy following radical prostatectomy.BJUI compass · 2025Article
- Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors and the Role of Androgen Receptors.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Cognitive outcomes in prostate cancer treatment: insights from the ODENZA trial and future considerations.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Selective Adsorption of Human Testosterone from Plasma Using ZnACS omega · 2025Article
- Curcumin inhibits growth and triggers apoptosis in human castration-resistant prostate cancer cells via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- GnRH Peptide Antagonist: Comparative Analysis of Chemistry and Formulation with Implications for Clinical Safety and Efficacy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Effect of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on the Cardiovascular System in Advanced Prostate Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Is a Therapeutic Target in Advanced Prostate Cancer That Promotes Metabolic Plasticity.Cancer research · 2024Article
- Androgen deprivation increases frontopolar cortical thickness in prostate cancer patients: an effect of early neurodegeneration?American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Review
- Cardiovascular risk of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist versus agonist in men with prostate cancer: an observational study in Taiwan.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2023Observational
- Relugolix: A Review in Advanced Prostate Cancer.Targeted oncology · 2023Review
- A young patient with prostatic carcinoma with testicular metastasis.International journal of surgery case reports · 2022Article
- The effects of androgen deprivation on working memory and quality of life in prostate cancer patients: The roles of hypothalamic connectivity.Cancer medicine · 2022Observational
- A Comprehensive Review ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists is the mainstay of advanced prostate cancer treatment. Both drug classes decrease levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH), thereby lowering testosterone to castrate levels. This is associated with adverse events (AEs), including cardiovascular (CV) disorders, bone fractures, metabolic dysfunction, and impaired cognitive function. This literature review discusses these AEs, with a focus on CV and bone-related events. A hypothesis-generating meta-analysis of six clinical trials showed a potentially increased risk for CV disorders with GnRH agonists versus the GnRH antagonist degarelix. While no study has directly compared GnRH agonists versus antagonists with a primary CV outcome, one hypothesis for this observation is that GnRH agonists lead to initial surges in FSH that may negatively impact CV health, whereas antagonists do not. GnRH agonists are associated with metabolic and cognitive AEs and while data are lacking for GnRH antagonists, no differences in risk are predicted. Other common AEs with ADT include injection site reactions, which are much more common with degarelix than with GnRH agonists, which may reflect differing administration and injection techniques. Future studies are needed to further evaluate and compare the safety profiles of GnRH agonists and antagonists, especially in patients with pre-existing CV disease and other co-morbidities. Physicians should carefully evaluate benefits and risks when prescribing ADT and ensure that side effects are well managed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.