ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2021
Interleukin-38 promotes tumor growth through regulation of CD8
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunobiological Properties and Clinical Applications of Interleukin-38 for Immune-Mediated Disorders: A Systematic Review Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Interleukin-38 serum levels in breast cancer: A comparative analysis of women under 40 and over 50.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Advances in Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Regulatory Mechanisms in Lung Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Review
- The differential role of IL-33 and IL-38 in prostate cancer, contradictory roles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The distinct roles of IL-37 and IL-38 in non-small cell lung carcinoma and their clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- IL-38 as a Novel Biomarker in Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Clinical Evaluation.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Article
- Neutralizing IL-38 activates γδ T cell-dependent antitumor immunity and sensitizes for chemotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- IL-38 promotes the development of prostate cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Exploring the clinical significance of IL-38 correlation with PD-1, CTLA-4, and FOXP3 in colorectal cancer draining lymph nodes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- IL-38 regulates intestinal stem cell homeostasis by inducing WNT signaling and beneficial IL-1β secretion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Interleukins (Cytokines) as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: Progression, Detection, and Monitoring.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Serum cytokine levels and other associated factors as possible immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic indicators for lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- T lymphocyte cell: A pivotal player in lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of IL-38 in immune and non-immune-related disordersEuropean cytokine network · 2022Review
- Prognosis value of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β in serum of patients with lung cancer: A fresh look at interleukins as a biomarker.Heliyon · 2022Article
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Preoperative lymphocyte/C-reactive protein ratio and its correlation with CD8Surgery today · 2021Article
- Interleukins in cancer: from biology to therapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInterleukin (IL)-38 was discovered in 2001 and is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. IL-38 shows anti-inflammatory activity in several inflammatory diseases. In lung adenocarcinoma, we previously demonstrated that high IL-38 expression in tumor cells was associated with poor prognosis. However, the role of IL-38 in the tumor microenvironment has not been clarified.
methodsIL-38-plasmid-transfected Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC-IL38) and empty vector-transfected LLC cells (LLC-vector) were established. Cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo were examined, and immunohistochemical staining was used to assess tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). A CD8
resultsTumor growth of LLC-IL38 in vivo was significantly increased compared with that of LLC-vector, although cell proliferation of LLC-IL38 in vitro was lower than that of LLC-vector. CD8
conclusionWe demonstrated that high IL-38 expression in tumor cells was significantly associated with reduction of CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.