ArticleMalaria journal2020
An observational analysis of the impact of indoor residual spraying in Northern, Upper East, and Upper West Regions of Ghana: 2014 through 2017.
Article in Malaria journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Indoor residual spraying for preventing malaria in communities using insecticide-treated nets.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Anopheles gambiae biting behavior and malaria transmission risk in Simiw, a community located in the coastal forest zone of the Central Region of Ghana.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- From multiplicity of infection to force of infection in sparsely sampled high-transmissioneLife · 2026Article
- Can dual active ingredient Interceptor® G2 insecticide-treated net (ITN) replace indoor residual spraying (IRS) efficiently? A case study in Sakassou, Côte d'Ivoire.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- The dynamics of asymptomatic Plasmodium spp. infections following 10 years of malaria control interventions in Northern Sahelian Ghana.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Observational
- Genomic population structure and insecticide resistance mechanisms in the malaria vector An. coluzzii across contrasting bioclimatic zones in West Africa.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Evaluating indoor residual spraying in Côte d'Ivoire: the role of routine malaria data quality.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Malaria incidence rose following the introduction of neonicotinoid-based IRS in selected districts in northern Ghana: An observational analysis.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Malaria control in Northern Ghana: a scoping review.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Entomological impact of three years of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in two high malaria endemic districts in Côte d'Ivoire.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Genomic population structure and insecticide resistance mechanisms in the malaria vector An. coluzzii across contrasting bioclimatic zones in West Africa.Research square · 2025Article
- Measuring changes ineLife · 2025Article
- A malaria seasonality dataset for sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of the prevalence of minormedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Malaria prevalence dynamics and risk covariates among children under 5 in Ghana: insights from a Bayesian multilevel approach.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Process and Methodological Considerations for Observational Analyses of Vector Control Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa Using Routine Malaria Data.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Observational
- Individual- and community-level correlates of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in Ghana: further analysis of the 2019 Malaria Indicator Survey.Research in health services & regions · 2024Article
- Hyper-diverse antigenic variation and resilience to transmission-reducing intervention in falciparum malaria.Nature communications · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGhana has been implementing the indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides since 2006, focusing operations in the north. Insecticide resistance concerns prompted a switch from pyrethroids to organophosphates, beginning gradually in 2011 and switching fully to the micro-encapsulated formulation of pirimiphosmethyl (PM CS), Actellic
methodsTo assess the epidemiological impact of Ghana's IRS programmatic activities, a retrospective, observational analysis using routine epidemiological data was conducted to compare malaria incidence rates from IRS and non-IRS districts in Northern, Upper East, and Upper West Regions. Routine epidemiological data consisted of passive malaria case surveillance data reported in the District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2); with cases representing patients with suspected malaria who had sought care in the public health system and had received a confirmatory diagnosis with a positive malaria RDT result. Final routine data were extracted in September 2018. All districts that had received IRS were included in the analysis and compared to all non-IRS districts within the same region. In the Northern Region, only PMI districts were included in the analysis, as they had similar historical data.
resultsDistrict-level analysis from Northern Region from 2015 to 2017 of the aggregate malaria incidence reported from IRS districts relative to non-IRS comparator districts showed 39%, 26%, and 58% fewer confirmed malaria cases reported from IRS districts in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. This translates to approximately 257,000 fewer cases than expected over the three years. In Upper East Region, the effect on reported malaria cases of withdrawing IRS from the region was striking; after spray operations were suspended in 2015, incidence increased an average of 485% per district (95% confidence interval: 330% to 640%) compared to 2014.
conclusionsThe current observational analysis results are in line with the entomological studies in demonstrating the positive contribution of IRS with a 3GIRS product to malaria control programmes in northern Ghana and the value of using routine surveillance and implementation data to rapidly assess the impact of vector control interventions in operational settings, even in complex implementation environments.
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