SynthesisBMC nephrology2020
Dietary and lifestyle factors for primary prevention of nephrolithiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC nephrology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating agreement between individual nutrition randomised controlled trials and cohort studies - a meta-epidemiological study.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Basal metabolic rate and the risk of urolithiasis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.World journal of urology · 2024Pooled it
- Protein intake and risk of urolithiasis and kidney diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society.European journal of nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Causal effects of modifiable risk factors on kidney stones: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study.BMC medical genomics · 2023Pooled it
- Associations of Total Protein or Animal Protein Intake and Animal Protein Sources with Risk of Kidney Stones: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of remote follow-up under an intelligent medical collaboration model on health promotion and clinical outcomes in patients with urinary calculi.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Trial
- A qualitative exploration of occupational influences on hydration, urination habits, food patterns, and self-care among patients with urolithiasis.BMC nephrology · 2026Observational
- Prevention of Recurrent Kidney Stones: A CARI Guidelines Summary.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Associations between dietary macronutrient composition and kidney stone prevalence in the U.S. adult population.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Association between the Zhejiang University index and kidney stone risks in US adults: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2026Article
- Individual and joint associations of modifiable metabolic status and lifestyle with kidney stones among sedentary population: insights from a nationally representative dataset.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Sex-specific signatures of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation in patients with urolithiasis: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and Its Interaction with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C): A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on the risk of nephrolithiasis and urinary tract infections in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes: a hospital-based cohort study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Association of Kidney Stone Disease With Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Liver Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatohepatitis: A National Inpatient Sample Study.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- High-risk factors for urinary calculus recurrence in Chinese preschool children: findings from a medium-term follow-up survey.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- On the Potential Role of Phytate Against Neurodegeneration: It Protects Against FeInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed food, genetic predisposition, and the risk of kidney stone: a population-based prospective cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Calcium to magnesium ratio as a superior biomarker for nephrolithiasis detection in primary hyperparathyroidism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDietary and lifestyle factors may play an important role in the increasing prevalence of nephrolithiasis. We aimed to review and quantify the associations between lifestyle factors and incident nephrolithiasis and suggest lifestyle changes for the primary prevention of nephrolithiasis.
methodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched up to May 2019, for observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed modifiable lifestyle factors and risk of nephrolithiasis in adults. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a random effects model. The I
resultsFifty relevant articles with 1,322,133 participants and 21,030 cases in total were identified. Prominent risk factors for incident stones were body mass index (1.39,1.27-1.52), dietary sodium (1.38, 1.21-1.56), fructose, meat, animal protein, and soda. In contrast, protective factors included fluid intake (0.55, 0.51-0.60), a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) style diet (0.69, 0.64-0.75), alcohol (0.69, 0.56-0.85), water, coffee, tea, vegetables, fruits, dietary fiber, dietary calcium (0.83, 0.76-0.90), and potassium. Vitamin D (1.22, 1.01-1.49) and calcium (1.16, 1.00-1.35) supplementation alone increased the risk of stones in meta-analyses of observational studies, but not in RCTs, where the cosupplementation conferred significant risk.
conclusionsSeveral modifiable factors, notably fluid intake, dietary patterns, and obesity, were significantly associated with nephrolithiasis. Long-term RCTs are required to investigate the cost-effectiveness of dietary patterns for stone prevention. The independent and combined effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on nephrolithiasis need further elucidation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.