ArticleBMC plant biology2020
Medicago PHYA promotes flowering, primary stem elongation and expression of flowering time genes in long days.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond the CO-FT regulatory module: E1 and PHYA emerge as players in photoperiodic regulation of flowering in legumes.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Review
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- Alfalfa andPhysiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2026Article
- Structural and coding variation inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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- Integrated phenotypic, phytochemical and transcriptomic analysis reveals shading effects on early bolting in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Characterization of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and its potential implications in flowering time regulation.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Genetic control of stem elongation in common bean and the influence of age and flowering time.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- Natural Variations in Key Maturity Genes Underpin Soybean Cultivars Adaptation Beyond 50° N in Northeast China.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Medicago Mting1 Mting2 double knockout mutants are extremely dwarfed and never flower implicating essential MtING functions in growth and flowering.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Modeling Floral Induction in the Narrow-Leafed LupinPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Functional dissection of phytochrome A in plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- Gene-editedFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Insight from expression profiles ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- The Roles of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Alterations in Growth Habit to Channel End-of-Season Perennial Reserves towards Increased Yield and Reduced Regrowth after Defoliation in Upland Cotton (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- MtING2 encodes an ING domain PHD finger protein which affects Medicago growth, flowering, global patterns of H3K4me3, and gene expression.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of Vernalization-Induced Flowering in Legumes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- A Point Mutation inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFlowering time is an important trait for productivity in legumes, which include many food and fodder plants. Medicago truncatula (Medicago) is a model temperate legume used to study flowering time pathways. Like Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), its flowering is promoted by extended periods of cold (vernalization, V), followed by warm long day (LD) photoperiods. However, Arabidopsis flowering-time genes such as the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC)/ MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING (MAF) clade are missing and CONSTANS-LIKE (CO-LIKE) genes do not appear to have a role in Medicago or Pisum sativum (pea). Another photoperiodic regulator, the red/far red photoreceptor PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA), promotes Arabidopsis flowering by stabilizing the CO protein in LD. Interestingly, despite the absence of CO-LIKE function in pea, PsPHYA plays a key role in promoting LD photoperiodic flowering and plant architecture. Medicago has one homolog of PHYA, MtPHYA, but its function is not known.
resultsGenetic analysis of two MtPHYA Tnt1 insertion mutant alleles indicates that MtPHYA has an important role in promoting Medicago flowering and primary stem elongation in VLD and LD and in perception of far-red wavelengths in seedlings. MtPHYA positively regulates the expression of MtE1-like (MtE1L), a homologue of an important legume-specific flowering time gene, E1 in soybean and other Medicago LD-regulated flowering-time gene homologues, including the three FLOWERING LOCUS T-LIKE (FT-LIKE) genes, MtFTa1, MtFTb1 and MtFTb2 and the two FRUITFULL-LIKE (FUL-LIKE) genes MtFULa and MtFULb. MtPHYA also modulates the expression of the circadian clock genes, GIGANTEA (GI) and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1a (TOC1a). Genetic analyses indicate that Mtphya-1 Mte1l double mutants flowered at the same time as the single mutants. However, Mtphya-1 Mtfta1 double mutants had a weak additive effect in delaying flowering and in reduction of primary axis lengths beyond what was conferred by either of the single mutants.
conclusionMtPHYA has an important role in LD photoperiodic control of flowering, plant architecture and seedling de-etiolation under far-red wavelengths in Medicago. It promotes the expression of LD-induced flowering time genes and modulates clock-related genes. In addition to MtFTa1, MtPHYA likely regulates other targets during LD floral induction in Medicago.
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