Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2020
A Low ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA Ratio (n-6:n-3 PUFA) Diet to Treat Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Youth.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01556113 (The Genetic Effect on Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children and Adolescents), which is not on this map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Genetic Effect on Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children and Adolescents
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of weight loss interventions on liver-related health in children and adolescents with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analyses.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Nut Consumption on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Patatin-like phosphatase domain-containing 3 genotype and quality of dietary fat modify the liver adiposity in men.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Omega-3 fatty acids supplements for dry eye - Are they effective or ineffective?Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- A new nutraceutical (Livogen Plus®) improves liver steatosis in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-a review of the cardiometabolic perspectives and treatments in children.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- Article
- Positive Association of the Dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratio with Fatty Liver in Mexican Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- DietaryNutrients · 2025Article
- Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Friends or foes.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- The Potential of Metabolomics as a Tool for Identifying Biomarkers Associated with Obesity and Its Complications: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Role of dietary nutrients and metabolism in colorectal cancer.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Review
- Effects of DietaryAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Maternal Diet High in Linoleic Acid Alters Offspring Lipids and Hepatic Regulators of Lipid Metabolism in an Adolescent Rat Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Intersection of Genetic Factors, Aberrant Nutrient Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in the Progression of Cardiometabolic Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative and Inflammatory Status, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Eating, diet, and nutrition for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2023Review
- Nutritional Genomics in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent literature suggests that the Western diet's imbalance between high ω-6 (n-6) and low ω-3 (n-3) PUFA intake contributes to fatty liver disease in obese youth.
objectivesWe tested whether 12 wk of a low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (4:1) normocaloric diet mitigates fatty liver and whether the patatin-like containing domain phospholipase 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 variant affects the response.
methodsIn a single-arm unblinded study, obese youth 9-19 y of age with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were treated with a normocaloric low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio diet for 12 wk. The primary outcome was change in hepatic fat fraction (HFF%), measured by abdominal MRI. Metabolic parameters included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lipids, measures of insulin sensitivity, and plasma oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OXLAMs). Outcomes were also analyzed by PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype. Wilcoxon's signed rank test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and covariance pattern modeling were used.
resultsTwenty obese adolescents (median age: 13.3 y; IQR: 10.5-16.4 y) were enrolled and 17 completed the study. After 12 wk of dietary intervention, HFF% decreased by 25.8% (P = 0.009) despite stable weight. We observed a 34.4% reduction in ALT (P = 0.001), 21.9% reduction in triglycerides (P = 0.046), 3.28% reduction in LDL cholesterol (P = 0.071), and a 26.3% improvement in whole body insulin sensitivity (P = 0.032). The OXLAMs 9-hydroxy-octadecandienoic acid (9-HODE) (P = 0.011), 13-HODE (P = 0.007), and 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE) (P = 0.024) decreased after 12 wk. HFF% declined in both the not-at-risk (CC/CG) and at-risk (GG) PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype groups, with significant (P = 0.016) HFF% reduction in the GG group. Changes in 9-HODE (P = 0.023), 9-oxoODE (P = 0.009), and 13-oxoODE (P = 0.003) differed between the 2 genotype groups over time.
conclusionsThese data suggest that, independently of weight loss, a low n-6:n-3 PUFA diet ameliorates the metabolic phenotype of adolescents with fatty liver disease and that response to this diet is modulated by the PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01556113.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.