ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
Pupil dilation as an indicator of future thinking.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pupil Response in Visual Tracking Tasks: The Impacts of Task Load, Familiarity, and Gaze Position.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The pupil and myself: pupil dilation during retrieval of self-defining memories.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Pupillometry as an index for cognitive processing in behavioral variant FrontoTemporal Dementia: a series of case studies.Neurocase · 2022Article
- Increased Pupil Size during Future Thinking in a Subject with Retrograde Amnesia.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- The eyes of the past: larger pupil size for autobiographical memories retrieved from field perspective.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe pupil typically dilates in reaction to cognitive load. In this study, we, for the first time, investigated whether future thinking (i.e., the ability to generate hypothetical scenarios in the future) would result in pupil dilation.
methodsWe recorded pupil dilation of participants during two conditions: past and future thinking. In past thinking, we invited participants to retrieve past personal events, while in future thinking, we invited them to imagine an event that may occur in the future.
resultsAnalysis demonstrated a larger pupil size during future than past thinking. Results also demonstrated longer retrieval time of future events compared with past ones, suggesting that future thinking perhaps requires more cognitive load than for past thinking. Interestingly, retrieval times during past and future thinking were positively correlated with pupil size. DISCUSSION: The finding that future thinking activates pupil dilation could be due to the fact that while both past and future thinking require retrieving information from memory, future, but not past, thinking additionally requires the ability to recombine this information into novel scenarios.
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Registered trials
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