Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32651315›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2020

Development of Alzheimer's Disease Progressively Alters Sex-Dependent KCa and Sex-Independent KIR Channel Function in Cerebrovascular Endothelium.

Md A Hakim, Erik J Behringer

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Guidelines for evaluating endothelial function in vascular tissue.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. The interaction between dysfunction of vasculature and tauopathy in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Vascular Function and Ion Channels in Alzheimer's Disease.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Alterations of the blood-brain barrier during aging.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Cracking the Endothelial Calcium (CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  12. Impact of aging on vascular ion channels: perspectives and knowledge gaps across major organ systems.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023
    Review
  13. Endothelial KAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Two decades of astrocytes in neurovascular coupling.Frontiers in network physiology · 2023
    Review
  17. KMicrocirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Md A HakimBasic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Erik J BehringerBasic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Loma Linda University · US

Funding

Impact of aging on calcium and electrical signaling in microvascular endotheliumR00AG047198 · NIA · LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY · PI BEHRINGER, ERIK J. · 2015 to 2017
$732k
Cerebrovascular Endothelial Function in Aging and Alzheimer's DiseaseR56AG062169 · NIA · LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY · PI BEHRINGER, ERIK J. · 2018 to 2018
$391k
NIA NIH HHS R00 AG047198NIA NIH HHS R56 AG062169
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDevelopment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is associated with impaired blood flow delivery of oxygen and nutrients throughout the brain. Cerebrovascular endothelium regulates vasoreactivity of blood vessel networks for optimal cerebral blood flow.

objectiveWe tested the hypothesis that cerebrovascular endothelial Gq-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR; purinergic and muscarinic) and K+ channel [Ca2+-activated (KCa2.3/SK3 and KCa3.1/IK1) and inward-rectifying (KIR2.x)] function declines during progressive AD pathology.

methodsWe applied simultaneous measurements of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and membrane potential (Vm) in freshly isolated endothelium from posterior cerebral arteries of 3×Tg-AD mice [young, no pathology (1- 2 mo), cognitive impairment (CI; 4- 5 mo), extracellular Aβ plaques (Aβ; 6- 8 mo), and Aβ plaques + neurofibrillary tangles (AβT; 12- 15 mo)].

resultsThe coupling of ΔVm-to-Δ[Ca2+]i during AβT pathology was lowest for both sexes but, overall, ATP-induced purinergic receptor function was stable throughout AD pathology. SKCa/IKCa channel function itself was enhanced by ∼20% during AD (Aβ+ AβT) versus pre-AD (Young + CI) in males while steady in females. Accordingly, hyperpolarization-induced [Ca2+]i increases following SKCa/IKCa channel activation and Δ[Ca2+]i-to-ΔVm coupling was enhanced by ≥two-fold during AD pathology in males but not females. Further, KIR channel function decreased by ∼50% during AD conditions versus young regardless of sex. Finally, other than a ∼40% increase in females versus males during Aβ pathology, [Ca2+]i responses to the mitochondrial uncoupler FCCP were similar among AD versus pre-AD conditions.

conclusionAltogether, AD pathology represents a condition of altered KCa and KIR channel function in cerebrovascular endothelium in a sex-dependent and sex-independent manner respectively.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsCalcium SignalingEndothelium, VascularFemaleMaleMembrane PotentialsMesenteric ArteriesMice, TransgenicPotassium Channels, Calcium-ActivatedSex FactorsPotassium Channels, Calcium-ActivatedCerebral arteriesendothelial cellspotassium channelssex characteristics

Identifiers

PMID32651315
PMCPMC7709862
OpenAlexW3041201286

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.