ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Human TRIM5α senses and restricts LINE-1 elements.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The therapeutic potential of transposable element activity modulation.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Variation in LINE-1 ORF1p expression across histologic and demographic subgroups in non-small cell lung cancers.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- SAMD9L inhibits flavivirus translation independently of its capacity to trigger innate immune response.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Antagonistic regulation of LINE-1/Alu elements and their repressor APOBEC3B in cellular senescence.Mobile DNA · 2025Article
- Transposable element 5mC methylation state of blood cells predicts age and disease.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- TRIM5α recruits HDAC1 to p50 and Sp1 and promotes H3K9 deacetylation at the HIV-1 LTR.Nature communications · 2023Article
- A novel role of TRIM28 B box domain in L1 retrotransposition and ORF2p-mediated cDNA synthesis.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Regulation of Epstein-Barr Virus Minor Capsid Protein BORF1 by TRIM5α.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Patients with Lung Cancer of Different Racial Backgrounds Harbor Distinct Immune Cell Profiles.Cancer research communications · 2022Article
- Role of Transposable Elements in Genome Stability: Implications for Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Interactomic analysis reveals a homeostatic role for the HIV restriction factor TRIM5α in mitophagy.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Article
- RNA sensor MDA5 suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposition by regulating the promoter activity of LINE-1 5'-UTR.Mobile DNA · 2022Article
- Recurrent evolution of an inhibitor of ESCRT-dependent virus budding and LINE-1 retrotransposition in primates.Current biology : CB · 2022Article
- Transposable element regulation and expression in cancer.The FEBS journal · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection mediates differential expression of human endogenous retroviruses and long interspersed nuclear elements.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mobile genetic elements have significantly shaped our genomic landscape. LINE-1 retroelements are the only autonomously active elements left in the human genome. Since new insertions can have detrimental consequences, cells need to efficiently control LINE-1 retrotransposition. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic immune factor TRIM5α senses and restricts LINE-1 retroelements. Previously, rhesus TRIM5α has been shown to efficiently block HIV-1 replication, while human TRIM5α was found to be less active. Surprisingly, we found that both human and rhesus TRIM5α efficiently repress human LINE-1 retrotransposition. TRIM5α interacts with LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein complexes in the cytoplasm, which is essential for restriction. In line with its postulated role as pattern recognition receptor, we show that TRIM5α also induces innate immune signaling upon interaction with LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein complexes. The signaling events activate the transcription factors AP-1 and NF-κB, leading to the down-regulation of LINE-1 promoter activity. Together, our findings identify LINE-1 as important target of human TRIM5α, which restricts and senses LINE-1 via two distinct mechanisms. Our results corroborate TRIM5α as pattern recognition receptor and shed light on its previously undescribed activity against mobile genetic elements, such as LINE-1, to protect the integrity of our genome.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.