ArticleEBioMedicine2020
Reappearance of effector T cells is associated with recovery from COVID-19.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A meta-analysis of immune-cell fractions at high resolution reveals novel associations with common phenotypes and health outcomes.Genome medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
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- COVID-19 convalescent plasma composition and immunological effects in severe patients.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Trial
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- Possible role of pre-vaccination T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines in children undergoing chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Bayesian Modeling of the Impact of HBOT on the Reduction in Cytokine Storms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Mass Cytometry Analysis of High-Dimensional Single-Cell Immune Profiles in ZF2001-Vaccinated Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing highlights a curtailed NK cell function in convalescent COVID-19 pregnant women.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Distinct immunity dynamics of natural killer cells in mild and moderate COVID-19 cases during the Omicron variant phase.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Observational
- Circulating memory T cells and TCF1Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Article
- Characterization model of the post COVID-19 condition based on immunological, biochemical, and cytokine markers.iScience · 2024Article
- BootCellNet, a resampling-based procedure, promotes unsupervised identification of cell populations via robust inference of gene regulatory networks.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- A Low Number of Baselines γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Expansion of memory Vδ2 T cells following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination revealed by temporal single-cell transcriptomics.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Antigen non-specific CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Pre-existing cell populations with cytotoxic activity against SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV and normal CD4/CD8 ratio previously unexposed to the virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- rs71327024 Associated with COVID-19 Hospitalization ReducesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Persistent Exhausted T-Cell Immunity after Severe COVID-19: 6-Month Evaluation in a Prospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElucidating the role of T cell responses in COVID-19 is of utmost importance to understand the clearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
methods30 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 60 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) participated in this study. We used two comprehensive 11-colour flow cytometric panels conforming to Good Laboratory Practice and approved for clinical diagnostics.
findingsAbsolute numbers of lymphocyte subsets were differentially decreased in COVID-19 patients according to clinical severity. In severe disease (SD) patients, all lymphocyte subsets were reduced, whilst in mild disease (MD) NK, NKT and γδ T cells were at the level of HC. Additionally, we provide evidence of T cell activation in MD but not SD, when compared to HC. Follow up samples revealed a marked increase in effector T cells and memory subsets in convalescing but not in non-convalescing patients.
interpretationOur data suggest that activation and expansion of innate and adaptive lymphocytes play a major role in COVID-19. Additionally, recovery is associated with formation of T cell memory as suggested by the missing formation of effector and central memory T cells in SD but not in MD. Understanding T cell-responses in the context of clinical severity might serve as foundation to overcome the lack of effective anti-viral immune response in severely affected COVID-19 patients and can offer prognostic value as biomarker for disease outcome and control.
fundingFunded by State of Lower Saxony grant 14-76,103-184CORONA-11/20 and German Research Foundation, Excellence Strategy - EXC2155"RESIST"-Project ID39087428, and DFG-SFB900/3-Project ID158989968, grants SFB900-B3, SFB900-B8.
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