SynthesisCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2021
Body mass index and immune-related adverse events in patients on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Before-treatment body mass index as a prognostic factor in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related thyroid dysfunction: influencing factor analysis, prediction model development, and management strategy proposal.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Pooled it
- Baseline risk factors associated with immune related adverse events and atezolizumab.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Sarcopenia and the risk of adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Pooled it
- Prognostic Impact of Body Mass index in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Risk factors for immune-related adverse events associated with pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumors.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2026Article
- Biography as Biology in Drug Development: Bio-Biographical Response States for Translational Pharmacology.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoints and immunoregulation in metabolic diseases and cancers: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage Are Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors: A Prospective Exploratory Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Attention and Suggestions on the Study of Symptom Clusters in ICI Treatment.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Understanding the Interplay Between Obesity and Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities.Cancers · 2026Review
- Association between tumor genomic mutations and the risk of PD-1 inhibitor-induced hypophysitis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of body mass index on progression-free survival and endocrine immune-related adverse events in advanced NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab: A retrospective cohort study.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2026Article
- Prognostic factors in advanced incurable HNSCC patients on palliative-intent immunotherapy-based regimen.Future science OA · 2025Article
- Potential role of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a risk factor for immune-mediated adverse events during durvalumab plus tremelimumab therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Neurological immune-related adverse events with checkpoint inhibitor therapy: challenges for the neurologist.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Review
- A meta-analysis based on propensity analysis studies comparing neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Diabetes Mellitus-A Brief Review and Three Case Reports.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Immune-related hepatic adverse events in renal cell carcinoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective study.BJC reports · 2025Article
- Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs a result of the growing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treating malignancy, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been increasingly reported. Higher body mass index (BMI) has been highlighted as a potential risk factor for the development of irAEs. However, there are no meta-analyses summarizing the association between BMI and irAEs in patients on ICI therapies.
methodsPubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and grey literature were searched up to January 2020. Odds ratios (ORs) 95% and confidence intervals (CIs) were summarized using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity test, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (number registration: CRD42020168790).
resultsFive studies (n = 1937) met eligibility criteria for inclusion. Being overweight or obese was associated with an increased odds of developing irAEs (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.70-4.03, P ≤ 0.00001, I
conclusionOur meta-analysis provides evidence of a relationship between higher BMI (overweight-obesity) and increased risk of irAEs in patients on ICI therapies. Further research is needed to strengthen this association.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.