Observational studyEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2021
Concomitant lorazepam use and antidepressive efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in a naturalistic setting.
Observational study in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Theta burst stimulation for depression: a systematic review and network and pairwise meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Theta Burst Stimulation Protocols for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Antipsychotic co-medication and treatment response to rTMS and iTBS in depression: Data from clinical records from two independent clinical sites.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Chronic caffeine consumption on clinical TMS outcomes: A naturalistic retrospective analysis.Transcranial magnetic stimulation (2024) · 2025Article
- Accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation for pharmacological treatment-resistant bipolar depression: Protocol for double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Consensus review and considerations on TMS to treat depression: A comprehensive update endorsed by the National Network of Depression Centers, the Clinical TMS Society, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Do benzodiazepines reduce the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation?Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation: Safety, Efficacy, and Future Advancements.Biological psychiatry · 2024Review
- GABAA Receptor Availability in Relation to Cortical Excitability in Depressed and Healthy: A Positron Emission Tomography and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study.Neuropsychobiology · 2024Article
- The future of brain circuit-targeted therapeutics.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Accelerated TMS - moving quickly into the future of depression treatment.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Depression in the Elderly: A Retrospective Natural Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Challenging the Pleiotropic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Geriatric Depression: A Multimodal Case Series Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A Case Series of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Treatment for Depressive Symptoms in Individuals with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Real World TMS Study in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder in Comparison to the Treatment of Unipolar Depression in a Naturalistic Setting.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Baseline Clinical and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Treatment Response to High-Frequency rTMS Over the Left DLPFC for Resistant Depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation and intravenous ketamine combination therapy for treatment-resistant bipolar depression: A case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and medication treatment for depression is associated with serum amyloid a level: Evidence from naturalistic clinical practice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Psychiatric Applications of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been established as an effective therapeutic intervention for the treatment of depression. Preliminary data suggest that the efficacy of rTMS is reduced in patients taking benzodiazepines (BZD). Here, we use real-world data from a large sample to investigate the influence of lorazepam on the effectiveness of rTMS.
methodsFrom a retrospective cohort of clinically depressed patients that were treated with rTMS, we compared 176 patients not taking any BZD with 73 patients taking lorazepam with respect to changes in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRDS).
resultsBoth groups improved during rTMS according to HRDS scores, but the amelioration of symptoms was significantly less pronounced in patients taking lorazepam (18% vs. 38% responders in the non-lorazepam group). We could not see any association of intake regimen of lorazepam with response in rTMS.
conclusionOur observational study suggests that intake of lorazepam impedes the response to rTMS. The impact of lorazepam and other BZD on rTMS should receive more attention and be further investigated in prospective, hypothesis-based treatment studies to determine causal relationships between medication treatments and outcome. This could lead to specific recommendations for pharmacological treatment for depressed patients undergoing rTMS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.