ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2021
Factors Contributing to Delay in Driving Licensure Among U.S. High School Students and Young Adults.
Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex and racial/ethnic disparities in motor vehicle crash fatalities among U.S. Teens aged 15-19 years, 2015-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Predicting Young Drivers' Time-to-Licensure from Sociodemographic Characteristics and Quality of Adult-Supervised Practice.Transportation research. Part F, Traffic psychology and behaviour · 2025Article
- Is Delayed Driving Licensure Associated With Emerging Adult Health, Education, and Employment?The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2022Article
- Decoding health status transitions of over 200 000 patients with traumatic brain injury from preceding injury to the injury event.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Licensing Examination and Crash Outcomes Postlicensure in Young Drivers.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Sentiment analysis of popular-music references to automobiles, 1950s to 2010s.Transportation · 2022Article
- Association between a delay in driving licensure and driving while impaired and riding with an impaired driver among emerging adults.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
- Time to licensure for driving among U.S. teens: Survival analysis of interval-censored survey data.Traffic injury prevention · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMore teens delay in driving licensure (DDL). It is conceivable they miss Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) safety benefits. We assessed prevalence, disparities, and factors associated with DDL among emerging adults.
methodsData used were from all seven waves (W1-7) of the NEXT Generation Health Study (W1 in 10th grade [2009-2010]). The outcome variable was DDL (long-DDL [delayed >2 years], intermediate-DDL [delayed 1-2 years] versus no-DDL), defined as participants receiving driver licensure ≥1 year after initial eligibility. Independent variables included sex, urbanicity, race/ethnicity, family structure, parental education, family affluence, parental monitoring knowledge, parent perceived importance of alcohol nonuse, and social media use. Logistic regressions were conducted.
resultsOf 2,525 participants eligible for licensure, 887 (38.9%) reported intermediate-DDL and 1,078 (30.1%) long-DDL. Latinos (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.5 vs. whites) and those with lower affluence (AOR = 2.5 vs. high) had higher odds of intermediate-DDL. Latinos (AOR = 4.5 vs. whites), blacks (AOR = 2.3 vs. whites), those with single parent (AOR = 1.7 vs. both biological parents), whose parents' education was high school or less (AOR = 3.7 vs. bachelor+) and some college (AOR = 2.0 vs. bachelor+) levels, and those with lower affluence (AOR = 4.4 vs. high) had higher odds of long-DDL. Higher mother's monitoring knowledge (AOR = .6) was associated with lower odds of long-DDL, but not intermediate-DDL.
conclusionsSome teens that DDL "age out" of protections afforded to them by GDL driver restrictions. Minority race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, urbanicity, and parenting factors contribute to DDL. Further study of these factors and their individual/collective contributions to DDL is needed to understand potential unintended consequences of GDL, particularly in more vulnerable youth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.