ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2020
Prevalence of and factors associated with unplanned pregnancy among women in Koshu, Japan: cross-sectional evidence from Project Koshu, 2011-2016.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy Outcomes After HIV Diagnosis in Women Living With HIV in Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region: A Brief Report.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Prevalence of and factors associated with unintended pregnancy and association with depressive symptoms among pregnant women in Guangdong, China: a multicentre cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Maternal sociodemographic characteristics of short and long interpregnancy intervals in Japan: an analysis using national birth data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Practical weight management to minimize pregnancy complications and promote women's health: the possibility of interpregnancy care.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2024Review
- Association between unintended pregnancy and maternal antenatal care services use in Ethiopia: analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Therapy of women with multiple sclerosis: an analysis of the use of drugs that may have adverse effects on the unborn child in the event of (unplanned) pregnancy.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy Scale in the UK: a psychometric analysis including predictive validity.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to be referred to an obstetrician during pregnancy and birth: results from a cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Comparison of pregnancy complications in unintended and intended pregnancy: A prospective follow-up study.BioMedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUnplanned pregnancy is a public health issue with adverse consequences for maternal and neonatal health. In Japan, the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 46.2% in 2002. However, few studies have investigated this topic, and there is little recent data from Japan. We described and examined the prevalence and determinants of unplanned pregnancy among rural women in Japan from 2011 to 2016.
methodsWe used cross-sectional data from a community-based cohort study (Project Koshu). Data were collected from 2011 to 2016 via a self-report questionnaire included in the Maternal and Child Health Handbook of Japan. Pregnancy intention was measured as a binary variable (planned or unplanned). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with unplanned pregnancy, with results reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We conducted sensitivity analyses with different definitions of pregnancy intention to assess the robustness of the results. The significance level was set at 5%.
resultsOf the 932 participants (mean ± standard deviation age at baseline: 31.3 ± 5.2 years), 382 (41%) pregnancies were reported as unplanned. The multivariate analyses showed that maternal age (+ 1 year: OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97, p < 0.001), 'other' family structure (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.12-6.76, p = 0.03), three or more pregnancies (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.66-3.08, p < 0.001), current smoking (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.26-5.35, p = 0.01), balanced diet (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.83, p < 0.001) and current depression (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.24-2.16, p < 0.001) were strongly associated with unplanned pregnancy. These associations were consistent across definitions of pregnancy intention, supporting the robustness of our results.
conclusionsThe prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in the study population was high (41%). Risk factors for unplanned pregnancy were age, number of pregnancies, smoking, having a balanced diet and current depression. These results suggest greater efforts are needed to enhance sex education for young people, improve access to family planning services and provide comprehensive health care for high-risk women to help reduce unplanned pregnancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.