SynthesisTravel medicine and infectious disease
Hydroxychloroquine safety: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Travel medicine and infectious disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine from randomized controlled trials on malarial and non-malarial conditions.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Safety of Hydroxychloroquine: What a Dermatologist Should Know.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- Pilot Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Add-On Therapy in Patients With Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Hydroxychloroquine as an add-on therapy for the induction therapy of MPO-AAV: a retrospective observational cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparison between hydroxychloroquine and systemic corticosteroids in IgA nephropathy: a two-year follow-up study.BMC nephrology · 2023Article
- Medication related to pigmentation of oral mucosa.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2022Review
- Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus: overview of current knowledge.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2022Review
- The Saudi Critical Care Society practice guidelines on the management of COVID-19 in the ICU: Therapy section.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Article
- Cardiac Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Scoping Review.Global heart · 2022Article
- A Review on Headaches Due to COVID-19 Infection.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Description and Analysis of Cytokine Storm in Registered COVID-19 Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hydroxychloroquine Safety Outcome within Approved Therapeutic Protocol for COVID-19 Outpatients in Saudi Arabia.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- Global contributions of pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP · 2020Article
- Medication-Induced Oral Hyperpigmentation: A Systematic Review.Patient preference and adherence · 2020Review
- COVID-19 in Renal Transplant Patient Presenting With Active Typical Symptoms and Resolved Atypical Symptoms.Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is currently being examined for COVID-19. No previous meta-analysis has evaluated its side effects versus placebo. We conducted this meta-analysis to compare the safety of HCQ versus placebo.
methodsTwo authors independently searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults comparing the adverse events (AEs) of HCQ versus placebo for any indication. Peto odds ratios (Peto ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated based on random-effects models. The heterogeneity (I
resultsNine RCTs (eight were double-blind) with a total of 916 patients were included. HCQ caused significantly more skin pigmentation than placebo (Peto OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.13 to 19.00; P-value = 0.033; I
conclusionsThis meta-analysis of RCTs found a significantly higher risk of skin pigmentation in HCQ users versus placebo. More data are needed to evaluate HCQ in the context of COVID-19 treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.