ArticleThe Journal of cell biology2020
Cancer cells educate natural killer cells to a metastasis-promoting cell state.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the culture methods and applications of 3D tumoroids for cancer research and personalized medicine.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Pooled it
- Radiotherapy orchestrates natural killer cell dependent antitumor immune responses through CXCL8.Science advances · 2022Trial
- CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Resistance, and Emerging Opportunities.Targeted oncology · 2026Review
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immunosuppression: Two sides of the same coin.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- KLRG1 silencing increases the efficacy of CAR NK cell therapy against colon cancer via SHP-2/ZAP-70/NF-κB signal pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Phase 1 multicenter study of the NKG2A targeting antibody S095029 as a single agent and in combination with anti-PD-1 in patients with advanced malignancies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Quantifying the Dual Effect of Antitumor and Pro-Tumor Human Neutrophils on Natural Killer Cell Behaviors in a Microphysiological System.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- TNIP1 Impacts Prognosis by Modulating the Immune Microenvironment in BRCA.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Gene regulatory network transitions reveal the central transcription factors in lung adenocarcinoma progression.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026Article
- Tumor organoid-immune cell co-culture systems for precision oncology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Emerging Combination Platforms in Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Circulating tumor cells: Blood-based detection, molecular biology, and clinical applications.Cancer cell · 2025Review
- Article
- Masters of adaptation: How cancer and immune cell plasticity mediates tumor progression.PLoS biology · 2025Review
- KLRG1 expression induces functional exhaustion of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- EYA3 regulation of NF-κB and CCL2 suppresses cytotoxic NK cells in the premetastatic niche to promote TNBC metastasis.Science advances · 2025Article
- Natural Killer Cell Activation Signature Identifies Cyclin B1/CDK1 as a Druggable Target to Overcome Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction and Tumor Invasiveness in Melanoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Tumor organoid-immune co-culture models: exploring a new perspective of tumor immunity.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have potent antitumor and antimetastatic activity. It is incompletely understood how cancer cells escape NK cell surveillance. Using ex vivo and in vivo models of metastasis, we establish that keratin-14+ breast cancer cells are vulnerable to NK cells. We then discovered that exposure to cancer cells causes NK cells to lose their cytotoxic ability and promote metastatic outgrowth. Gene expression comparisons revealed that healthy NK cells have an active NK cell molecular phenotype, whereas tumor-exposed (teNK) cells resemble resting NK cells. Receptor-ligand analysis between teNK cells and tumor cells revealed multiple potential targets. We next showed that treatment with antibodies targeting TIGIT, antibodies targeting KLRG1, or small-molecule inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases (DMNT) each reduced colony formation. Combinations of DNMT inhibitors with anti-TIGIT or anti-KLRG1 antibodies further reduced metastatic potential. We propose that NK-directed therapies targeting these pathways would be effective in the adjuvant setting to prevent metastatic recurrence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.