SynthesisThoracic cancer2020
Meta-analysis of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients.
Synthesis in Thoracic cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer and treatment specific incidence rates of immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.British journal of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations in solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple-negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Comprehensive Review: Unveiling the Pro-Oncogenic Roles of IL-1ß and PD-1/PD-L1 in NSCLC Development and Targeting Their Pathways for Clinical Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of the perioperative immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: evidence mapping and synthesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Camrelizumab Monotherapy and Combination Therapy for Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- The Long-Term Sequelae and Clinical Workload Resulting from Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapy in Patients with Cancer.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Cardiac tertiary immune niches drive immune activation in immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis.Science advances · 2026Article
- A Clinically Grounded Rule-Based Phenotyping Framework for Identifying Immune-Related Adverse Events in Structured Electronic Health Record Data: A Retrospective EHR Study.Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- Rate of Hearing Loss in Platinum-Naïve Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- The association of osteoarthritis with the risk of de novo inflammatory arthritis in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Respiratory adverse events associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: an analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Identification of Prognostic Clinical Features in Grade 4 Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Triangulation Study.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- Case Report: Two atypical cases of M6-like antimitochondrial antibody pattern unlinked to iproniazid.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Single-cell profiling of PBMCS reveals an immune signature of irAEs in anti-PD-1-treated acral melanoma patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Postoperative immune-related adverse events after conversion surgery following induction immune checkpoint inhibitor-combined chemotherapy in patients with unresectable esophagogastric junction carcinoma: a report of two cases.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- IMPDH and GTP Metabolism in Cancer: Mechanisms, Regulation, and Translational Scope.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Overcoming barriers in primary bone cancer: Nanomaterial-enabled immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Low triglyceride levels are associated with increased risk of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) of up to 50% has prevented their widespread use. With the increase in the use of ICIs alone or as combination therapy, clinicians are required to have a better understanding of irAEs and be able to manage them systematically. In this study, we aimed to assess the incidence of irAEs associated with ICIs.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science databases, and also included relevant literature references to widen our search. The relevant data with inclusion criteria were performed using RevMan 3.6.0 for meta-analysis. We undertook a systematic literature search which included published data up to December 2019.
resultsOverall, 147 articles and 23 761 cancer patients with 11 different ICI treatment-related (grade 1-5 and 3-5) irAEs were included in the study. There were 46 articles on pembrolizumab (6598 patients), 27 on nivolumab (3576 patients), 13 on atezolizumab (2787 patients), 12 on avelumab (3213 patients), 10 on durvalumab (1780 patients), 22 on ipilimumab (4067 patients), eight on tremelimumab (1158 patients), three on JS001 (223 patients), four on camrelizumab (SHR-1210) (178 patients), one on sintilimab (96 patients), and one on cemiplimab (85 patients). Grade 1-5 irAEs were: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) (82.87%), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) (71.89%), and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) (58.95%). Subgroup analysis was: Avelumab (44.53%), durvalumab (66.63%), pembrolizumab (67.25%), atezolizumab (68.77%), nivolumab (76.25%), Ipilimumab (82.18%), and tremelimumab (86.78%). Grade 3-5 irAEs were: CTLA-4 (27.22%), PD-1(17.29%), and PD-L1(17.29%). Subgroup analysis was: Avelumab (5.86%), durvalumab (13.43%), atezolizumab (14.45%), nivolumab (15.72%), pembrolizumab (16.58%), tremelimumab (22.04%), and ipilimumab (28.27%).
conclusionsThis meta-analysis confirmed that anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitors had a lower incidence of irAEs compared with anti-CTLA-4 inhibitors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.