Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32643320›Full record

ReviewPharmacology research & perspectives2020

Mechanistic insights into antiretroviral drug-induced liver injury.

Jamie N Pillaye, Mohlopheni J Marakalala, Nonhlanhla Khumalo, Wendy Spearman, Hlumani Ndlovu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. The Hepatoprotective Effects ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jamie N PillayeDivision of Chemical and System Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Mohlopheni J MarakalalaAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
Nonhlanhla KhumaloHair and Skin Research Lab, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Wendy SpearmanDivision of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Hlumani NdlovuDivision of Chemical and System Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-0137-1439
University of Cape Town · ZAAfrica Health Research Institute · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

All classes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been implicated to induce adverse drug reactions such drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and immune-mediated adverse reactions in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals. Patients that develop adverse drug reactions tend to have prolonged stays in hospital and may require to change to alternative regimens if reactions persist upon rechallenge or if rechallenge is contraindicated due to severity of the adverse reaction. Diagnosis of DILI remains a huge obstacle that delays timely interventions, since it is still based largely on exclusion of other causes. There is an urgent need to develop robust diagnostic and predictive biomarkers that could be used alongside the available tools (biopsy, imaging, and serological tests for liver enzymes) to give a specific diagnosis of DILI. Crucial to this is also achieving consensus in the definition of DILI so that robust studies can be undertaken. Importantly, it is crucial that we gain deeper insights into the mechanism of DILI so that patients can receive appropriate management. In general, it has been demonstrated that the mechanism of ART-induced liver injury is driven by four main mechanisms: mitochondrial toxicity, metabolic host-mediated injury, immune reconstitution, and hypersensitivity reactions. The focus of this review is to discuss the type and phenotypes of DILI that are caused by the first line ART regimens. Furthermore, we will summarize recent studies that have elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of DILI both in vivo and in vitro.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-HIV AgentsBiomarkersChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryHIV InfectionsHumansAnti-HIV AgentsBiomarkersantiretroviral therapydiagnosisdrug-induced liver injuryhuman immunodeficiency virusmechanisms

Identifiers

PMID32643320
PMCPMC7344109
OpenAlexW3041568512

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.