ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2021
Black stain and dental caries in primary teeth of Tunisian preschool children.
Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05304247 (Prevalence and Risk Factors of Black Tooth Stains and Their Relation With Caries Experience in Primary Teeth of A Group of Preschool Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Black Tooth Stains and Their Relation With Caries Experience in Primary Teeth of A Group of Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Africa: A Systematic Review.International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors for early childhood caries in North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Chromogenic bacterial staining of teeth: a scoping review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Extrinsic black tooth stain and dental caries in the primary dentition of Vietnamese preschool children.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of the dental plaque metabolome in tooth stain and caries within primary dentition.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Supragingival Biomarker flora of Children With and Without Cariogenic Disease and Black Stains, Aged 3 to 6 Years.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Association Between Chromogenic Black Stain and Dental Caries in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Oral microbial profiles of extrinsic black tooth stain in primary dentition: A literature review.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Review
- Current knowledge about early childhood caries in the gulf cooperation council with worldwide reflection: Scoping review of the scientific literature (2010-2021).PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Characterization of the oral microbiome and gut microbiome of dental caries and extrinsic black stain in preschool children.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- The association between black stain and lower risk of dental caries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2022Review
- Epidemiological and Microbiome Characterization of Black Tooth Stain in Preschool Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo assess the prevalence of black tooth stains and to investigate its correlation with caries experience in the primary dentition of 3-5-year-old children in the region of Monastir, Tunisia.
methodsIt was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving children in preschool establishments in Monastir, Tunisia. It consisted of an oral examination of 393 children and data collection through a questionnaire completed by parents. ANOVA test and Pearson Chi-square test were used to assess the prevalence of black stains and its association with dental caries.
resultsThe overall mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index was 1.42 ± 0.1. Caries prevalence was 49.9%. Of all the children involved, 6.1% had black stains. A statistically significant relationship was found between black stain and the prevalence of early childhood caries (p = 0.047). However, the association with the dmft index was not statistically significant (p = 0.08).
conclusionPreschool children with black tooth stain had lower dental caries experience. The results of the present study suggest that black stains are a protective factor for early childhood caries. More studies are needed to explore the risk factors of black stains.
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