Observational studyScientific reports2020
Longitudinal profiling of oligomeric Aβ in human nasal discharge reflecting cognitive decline in probable Alzheimer's disease.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Olfactory-Cleft Biopsy in Alzheimer's Disease: An Emerging Neuroimmune Window into Preclinical Pathobiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Progress in (Photo)electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Amyloid-Beta Oligomer.Biosensors · 2026Review
- The Cribriform Plate: A Multifaceted Neuroimmune Hub in CNS Health and Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Alpha-Synuclein Neurobiology in Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Nasal Aβ42 mirrors brain amyloid dynamics and cognitive decline across the Alzheimer's disease continuum.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inhibition of amyloid beta oligomer accumulation by NU-9: A unifying mechanism for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Aging-associated sensory decline and Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- Proteoform Analysis of the Human Olfactory System: A Window into Neurodegenerative Diseases.Proteomes · 2024Review
- Article
- Odor identification score as an alternative method for early identification of amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Olfactory deficit: a potential functional marker across the Alzheimer's disease continuum.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- The nasal lymphatic route of CSF outflow: implications for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and monitoring.Animal cells and systems · 2024Review
- Alteration of Neural Network and Hippocampal Slice Activation through Exosomes Derived from 5XFAD Nasal Lavage Fluid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Non-Invasive Nasal Discharge Fluid and Other Body Fluid Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Alzheimer's Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Progression.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Amyloid-β oligomers in the nucleus accumbens decrease motivation via insertion of calcium-permeable AMPA receptors.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis of Olfactory Mucosal Cells of Alzheimer's Disease Patients.Cells · 2022Article
- Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Alzheimer's Disease-A Possible Role for the Nasal Microbiome in Causing Neurodegeneration in the Elderly.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- TREM2 modulates differential deposition of modified and non-modified Aβ species in extracellular plaques and intraneuronal deposits.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- Clinically oriented Alzheimer's biosensors: expanding the horizons towards point-of-care diagnostics and beyond.RSC advances · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite clinical evidence indicating a close relationship between olfactory dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease (AD), further investigations are warranted to determine the diagnostic potential of nasal surrogate biomarkers for AD. In this study, we first identified soluble amyloid-β (Aβ), the key biomarker of AD, in patient nasal discharge using proteomic analysis. Then, we profiled the significant differences in Aβ oligomers level between patient groups with mild or moderate cognitive decline (n = 39) and an age-matched normal control group (n = 21) by immunoblot analysis and comparing the levels of Aβ by a self-standard method with interdigitated microelectrode sensor systems. All subjects received the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) for grouping. We observed higher levels of Aβ oligomers in probable AD subjects with lower MMSE, higher CDR, and higher GDS compared to the normal control group. Moreover, mild and moderate subject groups could be distinguished based on the increased composition of two oligomers, 12-mer Aβ*56 and 15-mer AβO, respectively. The longitudinal cohort study confirmed that the cognitive decline of mild AD patients with high nasal discharge Aβ*56 levels advanced to the moderate stage within three years. Our clinical evidence strongly supports the view that the presence of oligomeric Aβ proteins in nasal discharge is a potential surrogate biomarker of AD and an indicator of cognitive decline progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.