ArticleNeurology2020
Neurofilament light as a biomarker in traumatic brain injury.
Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 168 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
168citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
19.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Persistent Post-concussive Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
MATRIx: MesenchymAl Stromal Cells for Traumatic bRain Injury
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 241 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurofilament light chain as a potential biomarker of perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers: A Systematic Review of Findings from Amyloid and Tau Positron Emission Tomography.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Blood biomarkers of secondary outcomes following concussion: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Neurofilament light chain in patients with a concussion or head impacts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2022Pooled it
- Coordinating Global Multi-Site Studies of Military-Relevant Traumatic Brain Injury: Opportunities, Challenges, and Harmonization Guidelines.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Neurofilament light chain dynamics following ischemic stroke and their modulation by transauricular vagus nerve stimulation.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Grey matter volume reduction and its association with brain-enriched blood biomarkers in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Neurofilament light chain for prognostication after cardiac arrest-first steps towards validation.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Trial
- The Impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Neurofilament Light and Phosphorylated Tau in Individuals with a Concussion.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025Trial
- Reliable Change of Blood-Based Biomarkers Following Acute Sport-Related Concussion: A CARE Consortium Study.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- N-of-1 investigational study of a novel antisense oligonucleotide drug in CHCHD10-related ALS shows early signs of efficacy.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Divergent recovery trajectories after mild traumatic brain injury are characterized by distinct acute profiles of neurofilament light, 4R-tau, and white matter diffusivity.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Biological and Clinical Significance, Multi-Omics Integration, and AI-Driven Biomarker Modeling for Precision Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Measurement of Central Nervous System-Related Biomarkers in Plasma of Burn Patients.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- Neurofilament Light Chain (Nfl) Level in Serum as a Suitable In Vivo Biomaker for Axonal Damage in a Murine Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Cell-free DNA methylation profiling reveals injury types and severities in swine rotational and contusional models of traumatic brain injury.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Neurofilament Light Protein: A Marker for Injury Severity, Clinical Course, and Outcome Following Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Concussion: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2026Review
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Pashtun ShahimFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. pashtun-poh.shahim@nih.gov.
Adam PolitisFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Andre van der MerweFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Brian MooreFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Yi-Yu ChouFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Dzung L PhamFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
John A ButmanFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Ramon Diaz-ArrastiaFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Jessica M GillFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
David L BrodyFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Henrik ZetterbergFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Kaj BlennowFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Leighton ChanFrom the NIH (P.S., A.P., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., Y.-Y.C., D.L.P., J.A.B., J.M.G., D.L.B., L.C.); The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (P.S., A.v.d.M., B.M., J.M.G., D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (P.S., H.Z., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (D.L.B.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology (R.D.-A.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (H.Z.); and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9001-872X
Henry M. Jackson Foundation · US
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether serum neurofilament light (NfL) correlates with CSF NfL, traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosis, injury severity, brain volume, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) estimates of traumatic axonal injury (TAI).
methodsParticipants were prospectively enrolled in Sweden and the United States between 2011 and 2019. The Swedish cohort included 45 hockey players with acute concussion sampled at 6 days, 31 with repetitive concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms (PCS) assessed with paired CSF and serum (median 1.3 years after concussion), 28 preseason controls, and 14 nonathletic controls. Our second cohort included 230 clinic-based participants (162 with TBI and 68 controls). Patients with TBI also underwent serum, functional outcome, and imaging assessments at 30 (n = 30), 90 (n = 48), and 180 (n = 59) days and 1 (n = 84), 2 (n = 57), 3 (n = 46), 4 (n = 38), and 5 (n = 29) years after injury.
resultsIn athletes with paired specimens, CSF NfL and serum NfL were correlated (
conclusionsSerum NfL shows promise as a biomarker for acute and repetitive sports-related concussion and patients with subacute and chronic TBI. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that increased concentrations of NfL distinguish patients with TBI from controls.
Indexed as
Acute DiseaseAdultArea Under CurveAtrophyBiomarkersBrainBrain ConcussionBrain Injuries, TraumaticChronic DiseaseDiffuse Axonal InjuryDiffusion Tensor ImagingFemaleHockeyHumansMaleNeurofilament ProteinsBiomarkersneurofilament protein LNeurofilament Proteins
Identifiers
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Registered trials
NCT05173818ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06163833ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.