SynthesisBMJ open2020
Sex differences in the adherence of antihypertensive drugs: a systematic review with meta-analyses.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Burden and Trend in Nonadherence to Blood Pressure-Lowering Medications: Meta-Analysis of Data From Over 34 000 Adults With Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Adherence to antihypertensives in the United States: A comparative meta-analysis of 23 million patients.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical Correlates of Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Hungary: A Nationwide Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Age-related risk factors for leftover drugs: a lifespan analysis in community pharmacies.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Observational
- Sex differences in the prescription of antihypertensive medications in primary care patients: an observational study.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Trends and Predictors of Antihypertensive Medication Adherence in Commercially Insured Adults under 65 (2018-2023).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Adherence to Intranasal Corticosteroids in Patients with Severe Asthma and Nasal Polyposis: Pharmacological and Clinical Factors Involved.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in Antihypertensive Medications and PTSD Incidence.Clinical epidemiology · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Antihypertensive Treatment Among Older Adults Affiliated to the "Pension 65" Program in Peru.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Nonadherence to Secondary Stroke Prevention Medications Among Patients With First-Ever Ischemic Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with Adherence to Medication among Hypertensive Patients in a District Hospital, Northern Province, Rwanda.Rwanda journal of medicine and health sciences · 2024Article
- Influence of Participant Perceptions of Adherence-Related Interactions with Study/Study Team on Drug Levels: HPTN069 Analysis of Self-Reported Adherence Experiences While on Study.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and referral patterns of patients living with chronic kidney disease in Johannesburg, South Africa: A single centre experience.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Women have a higher risk of hospital admission associated with hyponatremia than men while using diuretics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Gender-Related Factors in Medication Adherence for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Sex, gender, and subclinical hypertensiveorgan damage-heart.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Review
- Sex and gender in hypertension guidelines.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPoor worldwide rate of blood pressure control is largely due to poor adherence to antihypertensive (AHT) drug treatment. The question of whether sex affects adherence has long been debated but conflicting findings have been reported on this issue. Our objective was to evaluate sex differences in the adherence to AHT therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsStudies were identified through a systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar (through January 2020) and manual handsearching of relevant articles. Observational studies reporting adherence to AHT drugs measured by self-report or pharmacy refill prescription-based methods among men and women were included. Summarised estimates of OR
resultsFrom 12 849 potentially relevant publications, 82 studies (15 517 457 men and 18 537 599 women) were included. No significant between-sex differences in adherence to AHT were observed, whether all study-specific estimates were summarised (OR
conclusionsDefinitive evidence of sex differences in adherence to AHT therapy cannot be drawn. Our little knowledge about factors affecting adherence, in particular of sex effect among elderly, urgently requires high-quality studies investigating these issues.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.