ArticleBMJ open2020
A/C study protocol: a cross-sectional study of HIV epidemiology among African, Caribbean and Black people in Ontario.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Empowering communities: a case study of integrated knowledge translation in the A/C study.Health research policy and systems · 2026Article
- Healthcare utilization and HIV burden among Black communities in Ontario: a matched cohort study.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Article
- Psychometric Evaluation of the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire-18 in a Black Canadian Population.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Improving the reporting on health equity in observational research (STROBE-Equity): extension checklist and elaboration.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Article
- Factors associated with self-rated health in Black Canadians: A cross-sectional study.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- Integrating Afrocentric praxis in intimate partner violence and HIV care for African, Caribbean, and Black women: Navigating disclosure and access to services.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- Navigating ethics in HIV data and biomaterial management within Black, African, and Caribbean communities in Canada.BMC medical ethics · 2025Article
- Addressing HIV Misconceptions among Heterosexual Black Men and Communities in Ontario.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Structural violence and the uncertainty of viral undetectability for African, Caribbean and Black people living with HIV in Canada: an institutional ethnography.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional investigation of HIV prevalence and risk factors among African, Caribbean and Black people in Ontario: The A/C Study.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
- Black Canadians' Exposure to Everyday Racism: Implications for Health System Access and Health Promotion among Urban Black Communities.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Community perspectives on addressing and responding to HIV-testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) people in Ontario, Canada.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Legislatively Excluded, Medically Uninsured and Structurally Violated: The Social Organization of HIV Healthcare for African, Caribbean and Black Immigrants with Precarious Immigration Status in Toronto, Canada.Qualitative health research · 2022Article
- Unmasking legislative constraints: An institutional ethnography of linkage and engagement in HIV healthcare for African, Caribbean, and Black people in Ontario, Canada.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors at 14 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAfrican, Caribbean and Black (ACB) communities are disproportionately infected by HIV in Ontario, Canada. They constitute only 5% of the population of Ontario yet account for 25% of new diagnoses of HIV. The aim of this study is to understand underlying factors that augment the HIV risk in ACB communities and to inform policy and practice in Ontario. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a cross-sectional study of first-generation and second-generation ACB adults aged 15-64 in Toronto (n=1000) and Ottawa (n=500) and collect data on sociodemographic information, sexual behaviours, substance use, blood donation, access and use of health services and HIV-related care. We will use dried blood spot testing to determine the incidence and prevalence of HIV infection among ACB people, and link participant data to administrative databases to investigate health service access and use. Factors associated with key outcomes (HIV infection, testing behaviours, knowledge about HIV transmission and acquisition, HIV vulnerability, access and use of health services) will be evaluated using generalised linear mixed models, adjusted for relevant covariates. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been reviewed and approved by the following Research Ethics Boards: Toronto Public Health, Ottawa Public Health, Laurentian University; the University of Ottawa and the University of Toronto. Our findings will be disseminated as community reports, fact sheets, digital stories, oral and poster presentations, peer-reviewed manuscripts and social media.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.