ArticleFertility and sterility2020
SARS-CoV-2 infection risk assessment in the endometrium: viral infection-related gene expression across the menstrual cycle.
Article in Fertility and sterility, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 61 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Retrospective Study of COVID-19 on Reproductive Function and Assisted Reproductive Technology Pregnancy Outcome in China
The Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Novel Coronavirus Infection on Reproductive Function and Assisted Pregnancy Outcome
A Prospective Observational Study of the Impact of a Recent Past COVID-19 Infection on the Live Birth Rates of Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age-related uterine changes and its association with poor reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Pooled it
- Susceptibility to Infection and Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines on Symptoms of Women with Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Available Evidence.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on clinical outcomes ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Endometriosis and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The potential bidirectional relationship between long COVID and menstruation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The impact of inoculation with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on the outcomes ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing highlights a curtailed NK cell function in convalescent COVID-19 pregnant women.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Observational
- The role of viral infection in implantation failure: direct and indirect effects.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Review
- Changes in Endometriosis-Associated Symptoms Following Immunization against SARS-CoV-2: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and abnormal uterine bleeding: potential associations and mechanisms.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2024Review
- Article
- The impact and inflammatory characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection during ovarian stimulation on the outcomes of assisted reproductive treatment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Procoagulant Status and Fibrinolytic Activity in COVID-19 Patients during Illness and Convalescence.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Deciphering a shared transcriptomic regulation and the relative contribution of each regulator type through endometrial gene expression signatures.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2023Article
- Dysmenorrhea and heavy bleeding as complications in COVID-19-positive women: An observational study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human embryo early development: a multicenter prospective cohort study.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Article
- Association between tissue stress reaction and ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in endometria of reproductive aged women before and during Covid-19 pandemic.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Rescuing fertility during COVID-19 infection: exploring potential pharmacological and natural therapeutic approaches for comorbidity, by focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 is not detectable in cervicovaginal secretions from women with active COVID-19 infection- a pilot study.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the susceptibility of the endometrium to infection by-and thereby potential damage from-SARS-CoV-2.
designAnalysis of SARS-Cov-2 infection-related gene expression from endometrial transcriptomic data sets.
settingInfertility research department affiliated with a public hospital. PATIENT(S): Gene expression data from five studies in 112 patients with normal endometrium collected throughout the menstrual cycle. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Gene expression and correlation between viral infectivity genes and age throughout the menstrual cycle. RESULT(S): Gene expression was high for TMPRSS4, CTSL, CTSB, FURIN, MX1, and BSG; medium for TMPRSS2; and low for ACE2. ACE2, TMPRSS4, CTSB, CTSL, and MX1 expression increased toward the window of implantation. TMPRSS4 expression was positively correlated with ACE2, CTSB, CTSL, MX1, and FURIN during several cycle phases; TMPRSS2 was not statistically significantly altered across the cycle. ACE2, TMPRSS4, CTSB, CTSL, BSG, and MX1 expression increased with age, especially in early phases of the cycle. CONCLUSION(S): Endometrial tissue is likely safe from SARS-CoV-2 cell entry based on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression, but susceptibility increases with age. Further, TMPRSS4, along with BSG-mediated viral entry into cells, could imply a susceptible environment for SARS-CoV-2 entry via different mechanisms. Additional studies are warranted to determine the true risk of endometrial infection by SARS-CoV-2 and implications for fertility treatments.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.