ArticleBMC family practice2020
Antimicrobial stewardship in the primary care setting: from dream to reality?
Article in BMC family practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Economic evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship in primary care: a systematic review and quality assessment.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Pooled it
- Tonsillectomy compared with conservative management in patients over 16 years with recurrent sore throat: the NATTINA RCT and economic evaluation.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2023Trial
- Implementation of C-Reactive Protein Point-of-Care Testing for Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Care: A Systematic Review Using the RE-AIM Framework.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Applicability of AWaRe-Based Antibiotic Quality Indicators to Assess the Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Healthcare in South Africa: A Multicentre Point Prevalence Study and Implications for the Future.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The effectiveness of intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) antibiotic switch (IVOS) interventions in managing community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia-a systematic review.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- The Effectiveness of Small Group Education on Improving Antibiotic Prescribing in General Practice: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antibiotic Resistance Awareness and Prescribing Behavior Among General Practitioners in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Practice-level mechanisms contributing to successful implementation of a UTI antibiotic stewardship intervention: a qualitative study in Dutch general practices.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Comparison of antibiotic prescription indexes by patient and physician gender and age: a cross-sectional study based on administrative data.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Development of AWaRe-Based Quality Indicators to Assess the Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Healthcare in South Africa.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Human resources for antimicrobial stewardship: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Article
- The influence of social relationships on clinician interpretation of performance data in an outpatient antibiotic stewardship intervention.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Implementing a multimodal antimicrobial stewardship programme in primary care in Kosova-a protocol for implementation and evaluation.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- The microbiome in mind: Reflections on antibiotic prescription in primary care.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025Article
- Laying the groundwork for an inter-ministerial One Health response to antimicrobial resistance in South Korea.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Antibiotic Use in the Community in Spain: A National Surveillance System Within the Framework of the Spanish Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the general population towards Parkinson's disease in Meizhou, China: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy among healthcare professionals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Current status and future direction of antimicrobial stewardship programs and antibiotic prescribing in primary care hospitals in Zambia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Public Awareness and Perceptions of Antibiotic Use in Human and Veterinary Medicine in Serbia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClinicians who work in primary care are potentially the most influential healthcare professionals to address the problem of antibiotic resistance because this is where most antibiotics are prescribed. Despite a number of evidence based interventions targeting the management of community infections, the inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rates remain high. DISCUSSION: The question is how can appropriate prescribing of antibiotics through the use of Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) programs be successfully implemented in primary care. We discuss that a top-down approach utilising a combination of strategies to ensure the sustainable implementation and uptake of AMS interventions in the community is necessary to support clinicians and ensure a robust implementation of AMS in primary care. Specifically, we recommend a national accreditation standard linked to the framework of Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship, supported by resources to fund the implementation of AMS interventions that are connected to quality improvement initiatives. This article debates how this can be achieved. The paper highlights that in order to support the sustainable uptake of AMS programs in primary care, an approach similar to the hospital and post-acute care settings needs to be adopted, utilising a combination of behavioural and regulatory processes supported by sustainable funding. Without these strategies the problem of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing will not be adequately addressed in the community and the successful implementation and uptake of AMS programs will remain a dream.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.