Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32640998›Full record

Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2020

Measuring vaccine effectiveness against persistent HPV infections: a comparison of different statistical approaches.

R Donken, J Hoes, M J Knol, G S Ogilvie, S Dobson, A J King, J Singer, P J Woestenberg, J A Bogaards, C J L M Meijer and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

R DonkenVaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada. rdonken@bcchr.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1921-2965
J HoesCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
M J KnolCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
G S OgilvieVaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
S DobsonVaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
A J KingCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
J SingerSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
P J WoestenbergCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
J A BogaardsCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
C J L M MeijerDepartment of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
H E de MelkerCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NLUniversity of British Columbia · CAAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NLMaastricht University · NL

Funding

Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport x
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPersistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is endorsed by the World Health Organization as an intermediate endpoint for evaluating HPV vaccine effectiveness/efficacy. There are different approaches to estimate the vaccine effectiveness/efficacy against persistent HPV infections.

methodsWe performed a systematic literature search in Pubmed to identify statistical approaches that have been used to estimate the vaccine effectiveness/efficacy against persistent HPV infections. We applied these methods to data of a longitudinal observational study to assess their performance and compare the obtained vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates.

resultsOur literature search identified four approaches: the conditional exact test for comparing two independent Poisson rates using a binomial distribution, Generalized Estimating Equations for Poisson regression, Prentice Williams and Peterson total time (PWP-TT) and Cox proportional hazards regression. These approaches differ regarding underlying assumptions and provide different effect measures. However, they provided similar effectiveness estimates against HPV16/18 and HPV31/33/45 persistent infections in a cohort of young women eligible for routine HPV vaccination (range VE 93.7-95.1% and 60.4-67.7%, respectively) and seemed robust to violations of underlying assumptions.

conclusionsAs the rate of subsequent infections increased in our observational cohort, we recommend PWP-TT as the optimal approach to estimate the vaccine effectiveness against persistent HPV infections in young women. Confirmation of our findings should be undertaken by applying these methods after longer follow-up in our study, as well as in different populations.

Indexed as

VaccinationAdolescentAdultFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHuman papillomavirus 18Human papillomavirus 31HumansImmunogenicity, VaccineLongitudinal StudiesPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesPrevalenceTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultPapillomavirus VaccinesFollow-upHPVHPV vaccinationHuman papillomavirusPersistent infection

Identifiers

PMID32640998
PMCPMC7341660
OpenAlexW3041378935

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.