ReviewDiabetes & metabolic syndrome
COVID-19 and ethnicity: A novel pathophysiological role for inflammation.
Review in Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical outcomes following COVID-19 infection in ethnic minority groups in the UK: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Public health · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of diabetes and obesity on the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Predictive diagnostic models for newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in moderate to severe COVID-19: the role of TyG Index, BMI, and inflammatory markers.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Identifying inflammatory phenotypes associated with lung involvement in systemic sclerosis: k-means clustering approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Characterising biological mechanisms underlying ethnicity-associated outcomes in COVID-19 through biomarker trajectories: a multicentre registry analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2023Article
- Reduced IFN-γ levels along with changes in hematologic and immunologic parameters are key to COVID-19 severity in Bangladeshi patients.Experimental hematology · 2023Article
- The role of physical activity in the clinical outcomes of people diagnosed with Covid-19: A systematic review.JSAMS plus · 2022Review
- Device-assessed sleep and physical activity in individuals recovering from a hospital admission for COVID-19: a multicentre study.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Article
- Article
- A Case of Delayed COVID-19-Related Macrophage Activation Syndrome.Journal of medical cases · 2022Article
- Epicardial adipose tissue thickness is associated with increased COVID-19 severity and mortality.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Differences in Inflammation, Treatment, and Outcomes Between Black and Non-Black Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study.The American journal of medicine · 2022Article
- A population-based cohort study of obesity, ethnicity and COVID-19 mortality in 12.6 million adults in England.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The Association between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index, Body Composition, and Anthropometric Indices in COVID-19-Infected Patients: A Case-Control Study in Shiraz, Iran.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Article
- COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome and diagnostic principles: an old and new Issue.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Review
- Association Between Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity and Severity of COVID-19 in UK Biobank.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2021Article
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition prevents lung injury in mice under chronic stress via the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation.Experimental animals · 2021Article
- Review
- A prospective study on the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the heart of young adult competitive athletes: Implications for a safe return-to-play.International journal of cardiology · 2021Article
- Obesity, Ethnicity, and Risk of Critical Care, Mechanical Ventilation, and Mortality in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19: Analysis of the ISARIC CCP-UK Cohort.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThere have been recent mounting concerns regarding multiple reports stating a significantly elevated relative-risk of COVID-19 mortality amongst the Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) population. An urgent national enquiry investigating the possible reasons for this phenomenon has been issued in the UK. Inflammation is at the forefront of COVID-19 research as disease severity appears to correlate with pro-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation. This narrative review aims to shed light on the novel, pathophysiological role of inflammation in contributing towards the increased COVID-19 mortality risk amongst the BAME population.
methodsSearches in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, medRxiv and Google Scholar were performed to identify articles published in English from inception to 18
resultsWe suggest a novel pathophysiological mechanism by which acute inflammation from COVID-19 may augment existing chronic inflammation, in order to potentiate a 'cytokine storm' and thus the more severe disease phenotype observed in the BAME population. Obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, psychological stress, chronic infections and genetic predispositions are all relevant factors which may be contributing to elevated chronic systemic inflammation amongst the BAME population.
conclusionOverall, this review provides early insights and directions for ongoing research regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms that may explain the severe COVID-19 disease phenotype observed amongst the BAME population. We suggest 'personalization' of chronic disease management, which can be used with other interventions, in order to tackle this.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.