Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32632386›Full record

ArticleTranslational gastroenterology and hepatology2020

Trends and outcomes of fungal infections in hospitalized patients of inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide analysis.

Kamran Mushtaq, Zubair Khan, Muhammad Aziz, Zakaria Abdullah Alyousif, Nauman Siddiqui, Muhammad Ali Khan, Ali Nawras

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Translational gastroenterology and hepatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Kamran MushtaqDepartment of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital and Weill-Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
Zubair KhanDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA.
Muhammad AzizDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA.
Zakaria Abdullah AlyousifDepartment of Respiratory Care, University of Toledo Medical center, Toledo, OH, USA.
Nauman SiddiquiDepartment of Hematology & Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Muhammad Ali KhanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Ali NawrasDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA.
University of Toledo Medical Center · USTufts Medical Center · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USWeill Cornell Medical College in Qatar · QA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmunosuppressive therapy is being increasingly used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which comprises of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Patients on immunosuppressive therapy are at increased risk of developing opportunistic fungal infections. We conducted this analysis to describe the epidemiology of opportunistic fungal infections in this cohort.

methodsWe analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for all subjects with discharge diagnosis of IBD (UC and Crohn's disease) & Fungal infections (Histoplasmosis, Pneumocystosis, Cryptococcosis, Aspergillosis, Blastomycosis, candidiasis, Coccidioidomycosis) as primary or secondary diagnosis via ICD 9 codes during the period from 2002-2014.

resultsIn UC, the incidence of all fungal infections was more in age above 50 (except for pneumoconiosis) male gender (except Candidiasis) and in Caucasians. In CD, the incidence was more in age above 50 (except Pneumocystosis, Blastomycosis & Coccidioidomycosis), female gender (except Histoplasmosis, Pneumocystosis & Cryptococcosis) and in Caucasians. Histoplasmosis and Blastomycosis were more prevalent in Midwest, Cryptococcosis and Candidiasis in South, Coccidioidomycosis in west in both UC and CD. Age above 50, south region, HIV, Congestive heart failure, underlying malignancies, diabetes mellitus with complications, chronic pulmonary disease, anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, collagen vascular disease, pulmonary circulation disorders, weight loss were significant predictors of fungal infections in IBD. The yearly trend showed a consistent small rise in incidence, and the mortality dropped till 2006 to peak again in 2008 with a subsequent decline.

conclusionsOur study is the first one to describe the basic demographics features and characteristics of opportunistic fungal infections in hospitalized patients with IBD. The yearly incidence of fungal infections did not show a significant rise. The mortality increased between 2006-2008 and a significant difference remains between IBD patients with and without fungal infections. One explanation of rise in mortality but a consistent incidence could be due to the use of biologics that did not increase but compromised the ability of IBD patients to fight opportunistic fungal infections.

Indexed as

Fungal infectionsinflammatory bowel disease (IBD)national inpatient sample

Identifiers

PMID32632386
PMCPMC7063509
OpenAlexW2999446123

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.