SynthesisGlobalization and health2020
Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Globalization and health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04910282 (Impact of COVID-19 on Quality of Life of Seniors With Eye Disease and Implementations to Improve Wellness), which is not on this map. Cited by 1,709 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of COVID-19 on Quality of Life of Seniors With Eye Disease and Implementations to Improve Wellness
Who cites it
1,709 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 3,634 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Telehealth Care Interventions for Women's Mental Health During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- The prevalence of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of digital interventions on relationship satisfaction among couples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Post-COVID-19 depression prevalence in Iranian nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness and acceptability of internet-based psychological interventions on depression in young people: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The medial prefrontal cortex as a proposed regulatory structure in the relationship between anxiety and perceived social support: a review.BMC psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Social isolation and anxiety disorders during COVID-19: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Global Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents and Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Remotely Delivered and Web-Based Interventions on Depression Severity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2026Trial
- Young adults' access to mental health care: integrating the Primary Care Behavioral Health model into routine care in Sweden.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- Navigating life's challenges: A randomized 6-week online intervention study to enhance resilience in working-age adults.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Trial
- The effectiveness of a supportive training program on stress, anxiety, and depression of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Najaf hospitals.BMC psychology · 2025Trial
- Long-term effects of an online mindfulness intervention on mental health in Chinese nursing students: a randomized controlled trial follow-up.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- A preparation program for psychological safety of hospitalized adolescents.BMC psychology · 2024Trial
- Self-Care Program as a Tool for Alleviating Anxiety and Loneliness and Promoting Satisfaction With Life in High School Students and Staff: Randomized Survey Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Trial
- Is self-report brain fog after mild COVID-19 truly induced by COVID-19 infection? A longitudinal fNIRS study.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Service User Experiences and Perceptions of Virtual Mental Health and Substance Use Care in Canada: A Survey of the Wellness Together Canada Portal.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2026Article
- Psychological Assessment of Patients With Apical Periodontitis and Caries: A Case-Control Study.International endodontic journal · 2026Observational
1,649 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on public mental health. Therefore, monitoring and oversight of the population mental health during crises such as a panedmic is an immediate priority. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing research works and findings in relation to the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles that have focused on stress and anxiety prevalence among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic were searched in the Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (ISI) and Google Scholar databases, without a lower time limit and until May 2020. In order to perform a meta-analysis of the collected studies, the random effects model was used, and the heterogeneity of studies was investigated using the I
resultsThe prevalence of stress in 5 studies with a total sample size of 9074 is obtained as 29.6% (95% confidence limit: 24.3-35.4), the prevalence of anxiety in 17 studies with a sample size of 63,439 as 31.9% (95% confidence interval: 27.5-36.7), and the prevalence of depression in 14 studies with a sample size of 44,531 people as 33.7% (95% confidence interval: 27.5-40.6).
conclusionCOVID-19 not only causes physical health concerns but also results in a number of psychological disorders. The spread of the new coronavirus can impact the mental health of people in different communities. Thus, it is essential to preserve the mental health of individuals and to develop psychological interventions that can improve the mental health of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.